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Bill Baird (daraniiɗo)

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Bill Baird (daraniiɗo)
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Jinsugorko Taƴto
Ɓii-leydiyankaakuDowlaaji Dentuɗi Taƴto
InndeBill Taƴto
Innde ɓesnguBaird Taƴto
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Bill Baird (jibinaa ko ñalnde 20 suwee 1932) ko piilaaɗo hakkeeji jibinannde, mo won e jaayɗe mbiyata « baaba » dille hakkeeji jibinannde e ruttaade.[1][2][3] O nanngaa laabi jeetati e nder dowlaaji joy e kitaale 1960 sabu makko jannginde ko fayti e ruttaade e reentaade jibinannde.[4] Baird ina sikkaa ko kañum woni gadano, gooto tan mo wonaa awokaa e nder daartol Amerik, mo heɓi nafooje tati e nder Ñaawirde Toownde . [5]

E hitaande 1967, teemedde almudɓe to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Boston ɗaɓɓiri Baird nde luulndii sariya Massachusetts kaɗoowo rokkude yimɓe ɓe resndaaka kaɓirɗe ngam haɗde jibinde. Ñalnde 6 abriil 1967, o waɗii yeewtere to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Boston, o rokki debbo gooto janngoowo to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde kondom e paaspoor foam (foam) ngam haɗde jibinde. Ɗoon e ɗoon o nanngaa, o fawaa e kasoo.[6] Wullitaango makko e ñaawoore makko ndee, haa arti noon e kuulal Ñaawirde Toownde (Cour Suprême) ƴettunoo e hitaande 1972 , hono Eisenstadt v. Baird, ngal tabitini hakke yimɓe ɓe resndaaka jogaade kaɓirɗe ngam haɗde jibinde e dow tuugnaade e dewgal.[7] Ñaawirde Toownde Amerik, hono William J. Brennan, Jr. winndii e ndeen kuulal : « So tawii hakke sirlu ina firta huunde, ko hakke neɗɗo waawde woppude naatgol laamu nguu e nder geɗe ɗe nganndu-ɗaa ina toɗɗii neɗɗo, so tawii ina jibina walla ina jibina ɓiɗɗo ». Eisenstadt v. Baird siforaama wonde « ina jeyaa e ɓurɗe waawde huutoreede e nder leyɗeele dentuɗe Amerik e nder teeminannde ndee fof e kala mbaadi walla e mbaadi fotde ».[8]

Nguurndam gadano

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Baird mawni ko to Brooklyn, o mawni ko e diine Lutheran tiiɗɗo .[9]

Haɓde e hakkeeji jibinannde

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Darnde Bill Baird ngam hakkeeji jibinannde fuɗɗii ko e hitaande 1963 caggal nde o seedtii maayde yumma debbo mo resndaaka, jom sukaaɓe nayo, maayɗo e mboros coftal ɓalli. [10] Ko o gardiiɗo kilinik EMKO, peewnoowo kaɓirɗe jibinannde, o woniino e yuɓɓinde wiɗtooji to opitaal Harlem nde o yani e koridor, o ɓuuɓtii ƴiiƴam gila e koyɗe haa les. [5]

E hitaande 1963, o fuɗɗii rokkude EMKO sampleeji foam jibinannde ina heen e nder malls ɗo golle makko keewi hawrude e luulndaare diine.[11] O hulɓinaama nanngeede sabu makko renndinde foamre reenngo jibinannde tawa ko e njoɓdi to Hempstead, New York . [12] Baird sosi fedde ballal jibnaaɓe, caggal ɗuum o renndini kaɓirɗe ngam haɗde jibinde e nder oto mo o wayli, mo o inniri "Plan Van." [13] E hitaande 1966 Baird sosi fedde adannde ngam haɓaade jibinannde e nder duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Hofstra .[14]

O neldaa kasoo sabu jannginde jibinannde e renndinde binndanɗe jibinannde e nder wuro New York, New Jersey e Wisconsin . Jukkungo Baird addani rewɓe hono Anne Koedt haalde ngam daranaade mo. Ñalnde 13 lewru Mbooy hitaande 1965, o luulndii sariya New York jowitiiɗo e haɓaade jibinannde, sariya 1142. O nanngaa to Hempstead, NY, o fawaa kasoo sabu jannginde jibinannde e nder "Plan Van" makko mo o woni e mum oo. Caɗeele Baird ngaddi laawɗingol jibinannde to New York. Hooreejo Planned Parenthood Alan Guttmacher ñiŋii Baird, o wiyi wonde Baird "ina heewi weltaare, kala jom suudu yiɗde humpitaade ko fayti e jibinannde ina foti ɗaɓɓude cafroowo."

E hitaande 1966, Baird luulndii sariya New Jersey, kaɗoowo jibinannde caggal nde komisariyaajo wellitaare hulɓinii yo yummiraaɓe ɓe resndaaka kasoo, e dow sariya njulaagu. Nde Baird ari to Freehold, New Jersey e nder "Plan Van" mum ngam luulndaade sariya oo, o nanngaa, o sokaa sabu hollirde e yeeso yimɓe fof kaɓirɗe kaɓtorɗe jibingol.

Baird luulndii sariyaaji kaɗooji jibinannde e nder diiwaan Wisconsin e hitaande 1969, o nanngaa kadi o fawaa kasoo sabu hollirde "jibinannde e binndanɗe ɗe ngonaa moƴƴe" e jamaanu Northland College to Ashland .

Eisenstadt e Baird

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E hitaande 1967, almudɓe duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Boston ɗaɓɓiri Baird nde luulndii sariya " Bonanndeeji luulndiiɗi laaɓal, neɗɗaagal, nehdi e njuɓɓudi moƴƴiri " mo Massachusetts tiiɗtini [15] [16] (ɗum woni Faandaare 272, kuulal 21A ). Ñalnde 6 abriil 1967 o waɗi konngol e 1 500 almuudo e woɗɓe to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Boston, ko fayti e ruttaade e jibinannde, e pollugol nokkuuji, e ɓeydagol yimɓe. [17] O rokki almuudo debbo gooto kondom gooto e paaspoor foam ngam haɗde jibinde. [18] Polis nanngi mo ko fenaande, o fotnoo ko duuɓi sappo kasoo. [19] O ñaawaa, o ñaawaa lebbi tati e nder kasoo Charles Street to Boston. [20]

O haɓi ngam laawɗinde jibinannde tawa o alaa ballal e hakkeeji mawɗi jibinannde walla pelle rewɓe, keewɗe e mum en njani e makko. Betty Friedan mo Fedde Ngenndiije Dentuɗe ngam haɓaade jojjanɗe aadee (NARAL) hollitii laabi keewɗi gila 1971 wonde Baird ko « golloowo CIA », ina jeyaa heen bayyinaango jaaynde wiyeteende The New York Times .[21] E nder luulndaare makko e sariya Massachusetts, Planned Parenthood hollitii wonde "alaa ko dañata e golle ñaawirdu hono ɗeeɗoo. Laawol tan ngam ittude keeri heddiiɗi e sariya oo ko e laawol sariya."[22]

  1. Barbara J. Love and Nancy F. Cott, Feminists Who Changed America, 1963–1975
  2. "'Father' of Birth Control, Abortion Movement Sadly Faces Another Jail Term", Boston (UPI), March 19, 1973
  3. "The Fiery Father of the Abortion Movement", The Examiner, June 25, 1980.
  4. Love and Cott, Feminists Who Changed America
  5. 1 2 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named ReferenceA
  6. Matt (22 March 2012). "The Short History of Our Right to Contraceptives: Eisenstadt v. Baird 40 Years Later". Planned Parenthood Advocates of Arizona Blog. Archived from the original on 11 December 2013. Retrieved 9 May 2013.
  7. "Eisenstadt v. Baird, 405 U.S. 438 (1972)". FindLaw. Archived from the original on August 23, 2012. Retrieved August 5, 2012.
  8. Lucas, Roy (Fall 2003). "New Historical Insight on the Curious Case of Baird v. Eisenstadt". Roger Williams University Law Review. IX (1): 48.
  9. Gruson, Lindsey (1993-04-14). "Abortion-Rights' Scorned Prophet; Hated by Both Sides, Bill Baird Raises Hackles, Not Funds". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2017-03-16.
  10. Love and Cott, Feminists Who Changed America
  11. "Contraceptives Handed Out". Newsday. November 9, 1963. Missing or empty |url= (help)
  12. "Hempstead Forbids Sidewalk Giveaway of Birth Control Kits". Newsday. November 23, 1963. Missing or empty |url= (help)
  13. "He'll Defy the Law to Teach Birth Control in the Slums". Long Island Press. April 18, 1965. Missing or empty |url= (help)
  14. "Students Back Data on Births". Newsday. March 24, 1966. Missing or empty |url= (help)
  15. "William Baird makes history". Boston University News. April 12, 1967. Missing or empty |url= (help)
  16. "Chapter 272: Crimes Against Chastity, Morality, Decency and Good Order". Massachusetts General Laws. Boston: The General Court of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Retrieved June 14, 2017.
  17. "Birth Control 'Crusader' Arrested After BU Lecture". Boston Herald. April 7, 1967. Missing or empty |url= (help)
  18. "Birth Control 'Crusader' Arrested After BU Lecture". Boston Herald. April 7, 1967. Missing or empty |url= (help)
  19. "Crusader Baird Faces 10-year Prison Term". Long Island Star Journal. September 11, 1967. Missing or empty |url= (help)
  20. "Baird Gets 3 Months For Birth Control Advice to Students". Boston Record American. May 20, 1969. Missing or empty |url= (help)
  21. Gaines, Richard (March 19, 1973). "'Father' of Birth Control, Abortion Movement Sadly Faces Another Jail Term". UPI. Missing or empty |url= (help)
  22. "Publicity--Too Much?". Planned Parenthood News. Spring 1967. Missing or empty |url= (help)