Herbert Macaulay

Herbert Macaulay

ɓii aadama

Jinsu	gorko
Ɓii-leydiyankaaku	Naajeeriya
Inditirde	Olayinka Herbert Samuel Heelas Badmus Macaulay
Innde	Herbert
Innde ɓesngu	Macaulay
Ɗuubi daygo	14 Jolal 1864
Ɗoforde	Lagos
Date of death	7 Duujal 1946
Place of death	Lagos
Date of burial or cremation	11 Duujal 1946
Place of burial	Ikoyi Cemetery
Father	Tomaas Babinton Makalay (Niiseer)
Marude	Oliver Ogedengbe Makaolay
Relative	Samuel Ajayi Crowther, Babatunde Kwaku Adadevoh
Wolde	Inngilisjo, Yarbankoore
Writing language	Inngilisjo, Yarbankoore
Convicted of	sedition, fraud
Janngi to	Trinity Laban Conservatoire of Music and Dance, Sa'aré djanguirdé tchoudi tchakaadi CMS
Residence	Lagos
Start of work period	1891
Member of political party	Nigerian National Democratic Party, National Council of Nigeria and the Cameroons
Personal pronoun	L485

 

 From Wikidata

Olayinka Herbert Samuel Heelas Badmus Macaulay // c (14 noowammbar 1864 – 7 mee 1946) ko ngenndiyanke, politik, wiɗtoowo, injenieer, mahoowo, jaayndiyanke, jimoowo. Macaulay ko heewɓe cikkata ko sosɗo ngenndiyaŋkaagal leydi Nijeer..

Duuɓi gadani

Herbert Makalay jibinaa ko ñalnde 14 noowammbar 1864 to laawol mawngol, to wuro Lagos, e nder galle Tomaas Babington Makalay e Abigail Crowther. Jibnaaɓe makko ko ɓiɓɓe yimɓe nanngaaɓe e ko wiyetee hannde leydi Nijeer, ɓe koɗi e leydi Siyeraa Leyoon, tawi ko e nder leydi Angalteer, ɓe ngarti e leydi Nijeer hannde ndii. Tomaas Babington Macaulay jeyaa ko e ɓiɓɓe Ojo Oriare tawi Abigail Crowther ko ɓiy Biskop Samuel Ajayi Crowther, iwdi laamɗo Abiodun. Thomas Babington Macaulay woni sosɗo duɗal hakkundeewal gadanal e nder leydi Najeriya, duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde CMS, Lagos.

Jaangirde

Macaulay fuɗɗii jaŋde leslesre ko e hitaande 1869, gila 1877, o janngi to duɗal St Paul's Breadfruit, Lagos e duɗal CMS Faji, to Lagos. Tuggi 1877 haa oktoobar 1880, o naati duɗal CMS Grammar, Lagos ngam jaŋde makko hakkundeere. O woniino almuudo e duɗal ngal nde baaba makko sankii e hitaande 1878. E hitaande 1880, o naati e laana ndiwoowa njulaagu kaaw makko, o naati e yahdu njulaagu e misiyoŋaaji e nder maayo Niiseer, o yilliima Bonny, Lokoja, Gbebe e Brass. Caggal nde o yahi to duɗal misiyoŋaaji Kerecee’en, o ƴetti golle ngam wonde balloowo binnditagol e indexer to Departemaa Golle Jaaɓihaaɗtirde, Lagos. Caggal ɗuum, e ballal njuɓɓudi koloñaal, Macaulay ummii Lagos ñalnde 1 sulyee 1890 ngam jokkude jaŋde mum to Angalteer. Tuggi 1891 haa 1894 o janngi innde siwil to Plymouth, Angalteer, o woni kadi almuudo G.D. Bellamy, ƴeewtotooɗo wuro e innde ndiyam to Plymouth. E hitaande 1893, o wonti janngoowo to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde laamɗo leydi Angalteer, to Londres. Macaulay kadi ko jimoowo timmuɗo, keɓɗo seedantaagal jimɗi to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Trinity College, to Londres, e seedantaagal fiyde violon to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Music International, to Londres.

Kugal

Nde o arti Lagos e lewru suwee 1893, o fuɗɗii golle e sarwiis koloñaal, o woni ƴeewndotooɗo leyɗeele Crown. O yalti e golle ɗee ko e ƴeewde leydi e lewru suwee 1898 sabu ɓeydagol mettere makko e laamu Biritaannaaɓe e Koloni Lagos e darnde Yorubaland e Protectorat Coast Niger e nder protektorataaji Biritaan en. Winndooɓe woɗɓe ko wayi no Patrick Dele-Cole teskiima bonanndeeji baɗeteeɗi e birooji (ko mawɓe makko Angalteer toɗɗii) e jokkude luural ngam dañde ngalu keeriiɗo, ko ɗum addani Macaulay woppude golle mum e golle wiɗto Crown Grants. Kristin Mann, e wiyde binndanɗe laamu koloñaal Biritaan, hollitii wonde Macaulay waɗii ko aldaa e nuunɗal, nde tawnoo o huutoriima « darnde makko e wonde surveyor of Crown Lands ngam wallitde sehilaaɓe heɓde dokke laamu e torlaade añɓe mum en e rokkude woɗɓe leydi mum en ». O winndi kadi wonde Macaulay "heɓii dokke laamu e inɗe fenaande, caggal ɗuum o soodi ɗe e njuuteendi". E lewru oktoobar 1898, o heɓi yamiroore ngam waɗde golle ƴeewndo. Ko o wiɗtoowo, peeje makko e ƴeewndorɗe makko ina njeyaa heen galle E. J. Alex Taylor to laawol Victoria, galle Henry Carr to Tinubu, galle Akinola Maja e galle Doherty to laabi Campos.

Nguurndam keeriɗam

Macaulay resii Caroline Pratt, ɓiy mawɗo polis Afriknaajo e lewru desaambar 1898. Dewgal maɓɓe joofi ko e lewru ut 1899 nde Caroline maayi e jibinannde mum, ina wiyee Macaulay huniima wonde o meeɗaa resde kadi. So tawii Macaulay meeɗaani resde kadi e nder Egliis, omo joginoo jokkondiral ina jeyaa heen Ms. da Souza garɗo Lagos, galle taaniraaɓe mum, ummoraade Beresiil, wuuri haa duuɓi mum 90, mo o jibini sukaaɓe heewɓe. Stella Davies Coker, ɓiy J. P. L. Davies e Sarah Forbes Bonetta, wuurdi e Makaalay gila 1909 haa nde o sankii e hitaande 1916. Ɓe ndañi ɓiɗɗo debbo gooto ina wiyee Sarah Abigail Idowu Makaalay Adadevoh. Sarah Abigail inniraa ko neene mum yumma mum biyeteeɗo Sarah Forbes Bonetta e neene mum baaba mum biyeteeɗo Abigail Crowther. Ina wiyee ko Macaulay woni leydi Najeriya gadano jogaade oto.

Hay so tawii o ummorii ko e galle Angalteer dewondirɗo, Macaulay jaɓii aadaaji diineeji Afriknaaɓe, ko o jom hoolaare, o dabbiima e golle maagiyaŋkaagal. Kaayitaaji makko keertiiɗi ina njogii binndanɗe ummoraade e annduɓe e annduɓe e annduɓe ina njogii jamirooje ko faati e taƴre, annduɓe, sadakeeji, e golle goɗɗe ɗe o waɗata. Macaulay kadi ko tergal fedde Babalawos (almudɓe Ifa) Lagos.

Macaulay ko neɗɗo mawɗo renndoyankeewo to Lagos Victoria. O yuɓɓinii konsiiruuji e kollirɗe filmuuji (O jeyaa ko e Nijeernaaɓe adanɓe addude filmuuji e nder leydi Nijeer e noddude sosiyeteeji filmuuji ngam arde Lagos ngam hollirde filmuuji) to galle makko (innde "Kirsten Hall" innde sehil makko konsul Almaañ biyeteeɗo Arthur Kirsten) to 8, Balbina Street to Yaba. Macaulay inniraa ko « Wiɗto Kirsten Hall » sabu mbaawka mum heɓde kabaruuji cuuɗiiɗi. Macaulay ina joginoo lowre humpitiiɓe ɓe o yoɓi no feewi. Heewɓe ina mbiya wonde minitaaji batuuji laamu koloñaal ina njuutee e jaayɗe ɗe Macaulay jokkondirnoo. Taƴe guurɗe e doosɗe laamu koloñaal e telegaraamuuji ina tawee e binndanɗe Macaulay to taƴre Africana to defterdu to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ibadan.

Luulndaade laamu Angalteer e nder leydi Nijeer koloñaal

Ko adii fuɗɗoode teeminannde noogasɓere, Macaulay ina jokkondiri e sosiyaalist en heewɓe Lagos, ina gollinoo e wiɗto keeriiɗo, ina joginoo miijo teskinngo e koloñaal. Kono, e darorɗe kitaale 1800, o fuɗɗiima woppude golle makko to bannge karallaagal e renndo, o wonti daraniiɗo politik. O naati e fedde haɓantoonde maccungaagu e ndeenka Aborigine en. Macaulay ko kaɓantooɗo jamaanu mo alaa ko waawi. Taaniiko Ajayi Crowther, bismaango Afriknaajo gadano e nder leydi Niiseer, o jibinaa ko e Lagos mo feccii politik e pelle yuɓɓinaaɗe e nder njuɓɓudi peccitagol moƴƴol – laamuuji Angalteer hoɗnooɗi e diiwaan posh Marina, Saros en e iwdi jiyaaɓe woɗɓe hoɗɓe e Brazilians e the we Wuro Purtugeec. Caggal ɗiin tato fof ko Lagosnaaɓe goonga, jamaanu Yoruba en, ɓe hoɗdiiɓe mum en ɓurɓe waawde, ɓe njiɗaa, ɓe keewi yejjiteede. Ko e yonta Macaulay tan, Saros en e Beresiilnaaɓe puɗɗii miijaade waɗde feere wootere e jamaanu nguu.

Macaulay jeyaa ko e ngenndiyankooɓe Naajeeriya adanɓe, ko ɓuri heewde e nguurndam makko ko o luutndiiɗo politikaaji koloñaal keewɗi. E nder jaabawol haalaaji Biritaannaaɓe wonde ɓe laamii ko e « nafooje goonga ɗe ɓiɓɓe leydi ndii njogii e ɓerɗe », o winndi : « Dimensiyonji « nafooje goonga ɓiɓɓe leydi ndii e ɓerɗe » ina poti e aljebra e njuuteendi, njaajeendi e luggiɗgol poos ɓaleejo ». E hitaande 1908 o feeñnini fenaande Oropnaaɓe e jokkondire kaalis laana njoorndi e hitaande 1919 o haɓanaaki mawɓe ɓe laamu koloñaal ƴetti leydi mum en e yeeso Diiso Privé to Londres. Ɗum waɗi laamu koloñaal dogi yoɓde njoɓdi mawɓe ɓee.

E hitaande 1909, o yalti e yeeso yimɓe fof ngam salaade haɗde ruuhuuji naatde e leydi Naajeeriya ko o sikki maa ɗum addan laamu nguu ustude ngalu mum, caggal ɗuum ɓeyda njoɓdi. Macaulay kadi tawi hoore mum ina luulndii laamu koloñaal e nder geɗe tati mawɗe, teeŋtuɗe e nguurndam Lagos e nder kitaale 1900–1930. Haalaaji ɗin ko limngal ndiyam ɗam, suɓol Oba Lagos e Imamate Juulirde Cakaare Lagos. Macaulay salii njoɓdi koloñaal ngam yoɓde ndiyam e nder Lagos e dow daliilu njoɓdi tawa alaa ko woni e mum. O woniino ballifiiɗo mawɗo galle Docemo to Lagos. Ko ɓuri heewde ko sabu Lagos wonaa e les njiimaandi ndi wonaa laamuyankoori, Oba Lagos wayi ko no heewɓe e banndiraaɓe mum e nokkuuji goɗɗi leydi ndii nii, o woppitaa laamuuji makko keewɗi e aadaaji. Macaulay ina wallitnoo suudu Docemo e luulndaade tolno ndiyam e keɓgol leyɗeele Lagos e koloñaal en. O galbini kadi Goomu Ilu ngu Oba Lagos e mawɓe aadaaji e nder Lagos ngam haɓaade yoga e politikaaji koloñaal.

Ko haala Oluwa Land ɓeydi darnde Macaulay to Lagos. Amodu Tijani Oluwa, mawɗo aadaaji, luulndiima keɓgol doole tawa yoɓaani leydi galle makko to Apapa. O dañii wullitaango makko to Ñaawirde Toownde, o nawti ñaawoore ndee to Ñaawirde Toownde to Londres. Macaulay ko binndoowo keeriiɗo Oluwa e nder yahdu mum to Londres. Caɗeele Oluwa ɗee, ko Goomu Ilu e Oba en njiɗnoo reende leyɗeele ɓesngu mum en to Lagos. To Londres, Macaulay hollitii hoore mum wonde ko o binndoowo keeriiɗo Oluwa, kadi ko o wakiliijo Oba e nder mbaadi ndi o waɗi haalaaji ɗi laamuuji koloñaal njiyri ina mbonna nafooje mum en. E hitaande 1920, Eleko, Eshungbayi, Biritaan en ndartini ɗum, sibu o saliima salaade tuume ɗe laamu koloñaal tuumi e laamu koloñaal ɗe Macaulay waɗi to Londres.

Ngam ɓeydude golle makko politik, Macaulay wonti gooto e sosɓe jaaynde wiyeteende Nigerian Daily News, jaaynde nde o huutortoo ngam winndude miijooji makko ko wayi no Justitia Fiat: Waajibi moraal laamu Biritaan to suudu Docemo. O winndi kadi deftere wiyeteende Henry Carr ina foti yahde. Tuggude hitaande 1923 haa 1938, o wonti neɗɗo mawɗo e nder geɗe politik keewɗe teeŋtuɗe e nder Lagos ina jeyaa heen wooteeji joy e nder Diiso sarɗiiji, wooteeji duuɓi tati e nder Diiso wuro Lagos, e ardaade suudu Docemo. E nder golle makko politik, o tuugnii ko e jaaynde Lagos Daily News, e fedde rewɓe luumo Lagos nde sehil makko, Alimotu Pelewura ardii, e galle Docemo e Lagosinaaɓe heewɓe ɓe njanngaani. Miijooji makko politik peccii eliteeji Lagos keewɗi nde o huutorii Daily News ngam ñaawde e yeeso yimɓe fof luutndiiɓe makko e sehilaaɓe makko ɓennuɓe hono Henry Carr. Ñalnde 24 lewru Juko hitaande 1923, o sosi lannda Demokaraasi Naajeeriya (NNDP), woni lannda dawrugol gadano e nder Naajeeriya. Lannda ka heɓi jooɗorɗe fuu nder cuɓi 1923, 1928 e 1933. Hay so tawii kuugal mawngal lannda ka woni waɗugo kanndidaaji nder suudu sarɗiiji, ka mari faandaare ɓurnde yaajde ngam ɓamtugo demokaraasi nder leydi Naajeeriya, ɓesdugo nastuki lesdi Naajeeriya nder ummaatoore rento, faggudu e jaangirde. Hay so tawii lannda kaa yiɗiino wonde ngenndiwal e yiɗde mum, doole ballal Macaulay ummorii ko e suudu Docemo, ɗum noon ko jokkere enɗam makko e reentaade suudu nduu e yiɗde makko jogaade lannda kaa, ina usta mawnugol lannda kaa.

Ballal ngam laamu Biritaniya nder lesdi Naajeeriya koloñaal

E hitaande 1931, jokkondiral hakkunde Macaulay e Angalteer fuɗɗii moƴƴude haa guwerneer oo waɗi hay batuuji e Macaulay. E lewru Oktoobar 1938, fedde sukaaɓe Naajeeriya ɓurnde tiiɗde ndee haɓi, heɓi wooteeji ngam suɓaade Diiso wuro Lagos, ɗum joofni laamu Macaulay e lannda mum Demokaraasi Ngenndiijo.

Caɗeele sariya

Macaulay haɗaama tawtoreede laamu sabu caɗeele sariya - laamu koloñaal ñaawi mo laabi ɗiɗi to Lagos ; laawol gadanol ngol ko fenaande, ngol ɗiɗmol ngol ko fitina.

Jaɓɓugol kaalis ko boni

Caggal nde o naati e golle keertiiɗe, o woni surveyor e architect, Macaulay dañii won e caɗeele ngalu, o huutorii kaalis mo o gollotoo e estaad mo o gollotoo e mum. Golle makko ɗee peeñninaama e laamu nguu, ñaawi mo, ñaawi mo duuɓi ɗiɗi kasoo. Daartoowo biyeteeɗo Patrick Dele-Cole hollitii hujjaaji kollitooji wonde Macaulay ina tooñaa e ñaawoore mum e hitaande 1913 tawa ko e dow nuunɗal. Awokaa ñaawoowo oo, gooto e maɓɓe biyeteeɗo Robert Irving, ko jom suudu Herbert Macaulay, ina gasa tawa ko kañum jogori rewde fenaande keeriinde. Macaulay heɓiino yamiroore ñaawirde ngam riiwtude Robert Irving ñalnde 3 desaambar 1912. Yanti heen, awokaaji Macaulay kawrii e caɗeele teeŋtuɗe ngam waɗde feere no ñaawirdu nduu yahrata : yeru awokaaji Macaulay mbaawaano yiytude ñaawoowo polis oo kala ɗo Obtain bail to Lagos. Ko heddii e geɗe ɗee ko gardiiɗo ñaawirdu nduu yoɓi Macaulay 100 £ hay so tawii noon ñaawooɓe joy ɓee e nder ñaawirdu nduu ngartirii ñaawoore nde alaa ko o waɗi. Cole ina teeŋtina kadi laaɓal laaɓtungal Macaulay ko fayti e hoolaare ndee. E wiyde Cole "wasiya testatrix oo janngaama e yeeso yimɓe fof e dow ɗaɓɓaande Macaulay e ñamaande nde o heɓi ngam ittude ñamaale testatrix oo, o faamninaama naftortooɓe wasiyya oo (ɓiɗɗo mawniiko gorko biyeteeɗo Macaulay ko kañum woni naftortooɗo mawɗo oo, tee ko goonga o golloraaki Irving ngam ñaawde yevira ko". E joofnirde, Cole teskiima wonde ñaawoore Macaulay duuɓi joy ndee « ina tiiɗi no feewi ».

Feere barmeeji

Caɗeele ɗiɗmere sariya Macaulay tuugnii ko e ko wiyetee « Case Plot Gunpowder ». Nde Diiso doosɗe leydi (Conseil privé) felliti wonde Oba Eshugbayi Eleko, mo o woppitaa oo, ina waawi ɗaɓɓude yamiroore ñaawoore (habeas corpus) ummoraade e ñaawoowo gooto, Lagos yahri ladde e weltaare sabu ɗum hollitii wonde Oba mo yimɓe fof njiɗi oo, maa artire e laamu. Jaaynde Macaulay wiyeteende Lagos Daily News yaltinii haala wonde sabu kuulal ngal Privy Council ƴetti, laamu koloñaal Angalteer to Lagos ina anniyii ustude oto Oba Eleko. Ngam ñaawoore Gunpowder Plot, Macaulay ñaawaa lebbi jeegom kasoo (to kasoo Broad Street) e golle tiiɗɗe tawi alaa ko o waawi yoɓde. Macaulay ina yahra e duuɓi capanɗe jeegom e nay e sahaa nde o ñaawetee ndee, kadi kasoo o ɓeydii darnde Macaulay e nder leydi Najeriya.

Feere e Henri Karr

Laaɓtaani no njiyaagu tiiɗngu hakkunde Macaulay e Henry Carr ƴellitorii kono luural maɓɓe ina winndaa no feewi. Carr ina sikki wonde Macaulay alaa nuunɗal, ina huutoroo galle Dosunmu ngam heɓde nafoore mum. E nder defte Carr, o winndii e Macaulay « E nder denndaangal monsters aadee en ɓe min njokkondiri e mum en hay gooto hollitaani hakkille seytaane oo gorko », o joofniri wonde Macaulay ko « hakkille mbonɗo, jom doole bonɗo ». Carr ina yiɗi goonga politik wonde Macaulay, mo haɗaa tawtoreede politik sabu mum waɗde bonanndeeji, ko laamɗo politik rewrude e njiimaandi Macaulay e NNDP.

Toɓɓere luural hakkunde worɓe ɗiɗo ɓee ina tiiɗi haa e hitaande 1924, Macaulay yaltini deftere bonnde ina wiyee « Henry Carr Must Go ». E nder bayyinaango fenaande ngoo, Macaulay hollitii e fenaande wonde baaba mum Carr, hono Amuwo Carr, woppii debbo mum ngam hoɗde to Abeokuta, ko jom debbo keewɗo. Ɗum wonaa goonga so en teskiima Amuwo Carr maayi ko to Abeokuta tawi cellal mum ina ŋakki, ina ɓadii wumde. Ñawanɗe bonɗe ɗe Macaulay waɗi e Carr e nder jaayɗe, mbaɗti yiytude yimɓe Lagos no Carr nii, ko neɗɗo jom semmbe, woɗɗuɗo, woɗɗondirɗo.

Macaulay noon, ina sikki ko Carr woni caggal feccere politik to Lagos. O sikki ko Carr woni sabaabu darnde laamu nguu e dow haala leydi Oba Eleko. E nder deftere "Henry Carr Must Go", Macaulay winndi e Carr "O wonnoo ko aldaa e sikkitaare hay dara, hooreejo Centre, laamɗo Pin, ko kañum woni sabaabu ɓurɗo teeŋtude e ko flatterers makko cuɓii innirde doole doole walla ballal laamu caggal presti artikulaasiyoŋ lolluɗo e bannge mum mo Mr ko noon kadi partiiji ɗi muñataa... maayɗi e mbonɗi".

Duuɓi ɓuuɓɗi e maayde

E hitaande 1944, Macaulay wondi e Nnamdi Azikiwe e sosde Diiso ngenndiijo leydi Niiseer e Kameruun, o wonti hooreejo mayre. NCNC ko fedde yiɗnde leydi mum, nde waɗaama ngam hawrude e yimɓe Naajeeriya e kala fannu ngam ɗaɓɓude ndimaagu mum en. E hitaande 1946, Macaulay rafi to Kano, caggal ɗuum o maayi to Lagos. Konngol Macaulay cakkitiingol ngol o habri ngol ko :

"Wi'u nulaaɓe Diiso ngenndiijo yo ngoppu ɗo ɓe ngoni fof balɗe nay ngam Macaulay, caggal ɗuum ɓe njokka."

Wi'u Oged yo jokku lefol ngol"

Ardorde NCNC rewi ko e Azikiwe, kanko caggal mum wonti hooreejo leydi Nijeer gadano. Macaulay wirnaa ko e yanaande Ikoyi to Lagos ñalnde 11 lewru mbooy hitaande 1946. Nnamdi Azikiwe waɗii konngol wirnaango e nder ñalngu wirwirnde Macaulay e Ishaq Babalola Thomas, gardinooɗo e joom Akede Eko, woni golloowo e wasiyaaji cakkitiiɗi e Alkawal Macaulay.

E hitaande 2025, Macaulay heɓi yaafuya caggal maayde mum e juuɗe hooreejo leydi Najeriya, hono Bola Tinubu.

Macaulay binndanɗe to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ibadan defterdu

Hono no gaño makko politik biyeteeɗo Henry Rawlingson Carr mo defterdu mum e kaayitaaji mum ngoni e defterdu duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ibadan, defterdu Macaulay keeriiɗo ina wiyee The Macaulay Papers ina woni e Taƴre Afrik e nder defterdu duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Ibadan. Kaayitaaji Macaulay ina mbaɗi defte politik keewɗe, jaayɗe, e binndanɗe laamu. Ina heen kadi kaayitaaji keertiiɗi, binndanɗe, defte binndaaɗe, e fotooje.

Teddungal

Macaulay ina hollira e kaalis 1 Naira gila 1979 haa 1991, nde kaalis oo lomtinaa e kaalis mbuuɗu mo nganndu-ɗaa kadi ina hollira Macaulay.

Filmu nguurndam makko ina wiyee The Herbert Macaulay Affair mo o waɗi ko ina wona duuɓi capanɗe tati nguurndam makko, ko Imoh Umoren, Najeriyaajo, waɗi ɗum, o yaltini ɗum e hitaande 2019.