Ko ɗum woni ko wiyetee Charlotte Perkins
| Jinsu | debbum  |
|---|---|
| Ɓii-leydiyankaaku | Dowlaaji Dentuɗi |
| Inditirde | Charlotte Perkins Gilman |
| Innde | Charlotte |
| Innde ɓesngu | Perkins, Stetson, Gilman |
| Ɗuubi daygo | 3 Morso 1860 |
| Ɗoforde | Hartford |
| Date of death | 17 Juko 1935 |
| Place of death | Pasadena |
| Manner of death | suicide |
| Father | Frederic Beecher Perkins |
| Mother | Mary Ann Fitch Westcott |
| Dee/goriiwo | Charles Walter Stetson, George Houghton Gilman |
| Family | Beecher family |
| Wolde | Inngilisjo |
| Writing language | Inngilisjo |
| Field of work | poetry |
| Magnum opus | The Yellow Wall Paper, Herland, Women and Economics – A Study of the Economic Relation Between Men and Women as a Factor in Social Evolution |
| Archives at | Rare Books, Special Collections, and Preservation |
| Award received | National Women's Hall of Fame, Connecticut Women's Hall of Fame |
Charlotte Anna Perkins Gilman ( / ˈ ɡ l m ən / ; nee Perkins ; 3 sulyee 1860 – 17 ut 1935), ganndiraaɗo kadi e innde mum adannde dewgal Charlotte Perkins Stetson, ko ganndo neɗɗankaagal Ameriknaajo, winndiyanke, winndiyanke, ganndo ganndal, peewnugol renndo . Ko o neɗɗo gadano, ardiiɗo dille jojjanɗe rewɓe to leyɗeele dentuɗe Amerik. Golle makko ɓuri teeŋtude ko e jinnaaɓe, teeŋti noon e feccere golle jinnaaɓe e nder renndo, e caɗeele njiimaandi worɓe. Gilman ɓuri anndeede ko e daartol juutngol semi-autobiographique biyeteeɗo The Yellow Wallpaper (1892), tuugiiɗo e humpito makko e depression caggal jibineede, manifesto makko noddirɗo jeytaare faggudu rewɓe, Rewɓe e faggudu (1898), e deftere rewɓe utopiste, <i id="mwKA">Herland</i> (1915). O naatii e suudu teddungal rewɓe ngenndiwal .
Nguurndam gadano
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Gilman jibinaa ko ñalnde 3 sulyee 1860, to Hartford, to leydi Konnektikut , e nder galle diine e binndol Ameriknaajo mawɗo. Charlotte ina joginoo miñi mum gooto, ina wiyee Thomas Adie, mo o ɓuri ɗum lebbi sappo e nay. E nder cukaagu Charlotte, baaba mum yalti, woppi debbo mum e sukaaɓe mum, heddii e cukaagu mum ko baasal. Yumma makko yiɗaano sukaaɓe mum. O haɗi sukaaɓe makko waɗde sehilaaɓe tiiɗɓe walla janngude defte fijirde. E nder deftere makko wiyeteende « Nguurndam Charlotte Perkins Gilman », Gilman winndi wonde yumma makko hollirta ko yiɗde tan ko nde o sikki ɓiyiiko debbo tokooso ina ɗaanii.
Hay so tawii o woɗɗitiima Frederic, Perkins tuugnii ko e ballal taaniraaɓe makko, ina jeyaa heen Isabella Beecher Hooker, suɓngooji, e Harriet Beecher Stowe, binnduɗo deftere wiyeteende « Kabin », kamɓe ɗiɗo fof ɓe mbaɗti batte e miijooji Charlotte e aduna. E nder jokkondiral binndol e baaba makko, o rokki mo doggol jaŋngugol golle ganndal e daartol, anthropologie, e gannde. [1]
Ko heewi e cukaagu Gilman waɗi ko to Providence, to Islaam Rhode . Ko sehilaaɓe o joginoo ɓuri heewde ko worɓe, o hersaani noddirde hoore makko " tomboy ". Jaŋde makko ina ŋakki : o janngii e duɗe jeeɗiɗi ceertuɗe, tawi ko duuɓi nay tan, o joofni ko nde o heɓi duuɓi sappo e joy. Hakkille makko e yaajde ganndal makko ina njiyloo sahaa kala jannginooɓe makko, ɓeen fof e wayde noon, ina mettini e makko sabu ko o almuudo miskiino.
O anndaa ko o heewi yahde to defterdu renndo ngam janngude fisik, binndol, daartol (haa teeŋti e siwil en ɓooyɓe) e hoore makko. Faandaare nde o ɓuri yiɗde ko " filosofi tago ", haa teeŋti e ko caggal ɗuum anndiraa fisik. E hitaande 1878, suka debbo jahroowo e duuɓi sappo e jeetati oo winnditii e jaŋde to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Rhode Island School of Design e ballal kaalis baaba mum mo alaa ɗoon, [1] caggal ɗuum o walli hoore makko e naalankaagal kaayitaaji njulaagu . Ko o jannginoowo, kadi omo hirjina woɗɓe ngam yaajtinde ganndal mum en naalankaagal. [2] O wonnoo kadi ko pentoowo.
E sahaa nde o woni e duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Rhode Island, Gilman hawri e Martha Luther hedde hitaande 1879 , ina sikkaa omo jokkondiri e makko. Gilman siftinii jokkondire tiiɗɗe ɗe o joginoo e Luther e nder deftere makko :
Mawnugol
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E hitaande 1884, o resi naalanke biyeteeɗo Charles Walter Stetson, mo o hawri e mum nde o janngata naalankaagal to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Rhode Island. Ɓiɗɗo maɓɓe gooto, hono Katharine Beecher Stetson ( , jibinaa ko hitaande rewtunde ndee, ñalnde 23 marse 1885 Mitchell, ƴettuɗo safaara oo. [1] Gilman rokkaama ɗeeɗoo jamirooje : "Wuur nguurndam galle no waawirtee. Jogo ɓiɗɗo maa e maa sahaa kala." ... Lelnude waktu gooto caggal kala ñaamde. Jogaade tan waktuuji ɗiɗi nguurndam hakkille e ñalawma. Kadi woto meem meemde pentol, broos walla pentol so a wuurii O etiima lebbi seecfa rewde wasiyaaji Mitchell, kono 6uu6ol makko ina 6eydoo luggicfde, o ari e 6uu6ol timmungol e nder 6ernde makko ina ɓuuɓna daartol makko juutngol " Wallpaper jaune " (1892).
E hitaande 1888, Charlotte seerti e gorko mum — ko huunde nde meeɗaa waɗde e darorɗe teeminannde sappo e jeenay — o ummii o fayi Pasadena, Kaliforni e ɓiyiiko debbo, o hoɗi e sehil makko Grace Ellery Channing . [2] O seerti e Stetson e hitaande 1894, o resi Channing. Gilman hollitii e nder deftere mum wonde o weltiima e jom suudu oo, nde tawnoo Katharine "yumma ɗiɗaɓo oo ina moƴƴi no feewi no gadano oo nii, [e ma a taw] ina moƴƴi e won e fannuuji." Gilman kadi ina joginoo miijooji yahruɗi yeeso ko fayti e hakkeeji baaba, o jaɓi wonde jom suudu makko gonnooɗo oo « ina jogii hakke e yoga e renndo [Katharine] » e wonde Katharine « ina jogii hakke anndude e yiɗde baaba mum ».
Caggal nde yumma makko sankii e hitaande 1893, Gilman felliti hootde fuɗnaange ko adii fof e nder duuɓi jeetati. O jokkondiri e Houghton Gilman, ɓiy-yumma makko gadano, mo o yi’aani ko ina wona duuɓi sappo e joy, ko o awokaa Wall Street . Ɓe puɗɗii jokkondirde ko famɗi fof ɗoon e ɗoon, ɓe ngonti giɗli. Nde o yahata njilluuji lectures, Houghton e Charlotte mbayli ɓataakeeji, ɓe mbaɗdi waktuuji keewɗi no ɓe mbaawiri hade makko yahde. Gila e dewgal maɓɓe e hitaande 1900 haa e hitaande 1922, ɓe ngoni ko e wuro New York. E hitaande 1922, Gilman ummii New York, fayti galle Houghton ɓooyɗo to Norwich, to leydi Konnektikut . Caggal maayde Houghton ɗoon e ɗoon e hitaande 1934, Gilman hooti Pasadena, Kaliforni, ɗo ɓiyiiko debbo hoɗi.
E lewru Yarkomaa 1932, Gilman heɓi rafi kanseer mo safraaka . Ko o daraniiɗo euthanasie wonande ñawɓe bonɓe, Gilman maayi ko e warngo ñalnde 17 ut 1935, nde o ƴetti dose kuloroform ɓurɗo heewde . E nder deftere makko e deftere warngo makko, o winndi wonde o "suɓii ko kuloroform e dow kanseer" o maayi ko yaawi e deeƴre.
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Kugal
[taƴto | taƴto ɗaɗi wiki]Caggal nde o ummii Pasadena, Gilman woni e yuɓɓinde dille peewnugol renndo . Ko o nulaaɗo, o lomtii Kaliforni e hitaande 1896 e batuuji ɗiɗi ɗii fof , Fedde Ngenndiije Dentuɗe ngam Suɓaade Rewɓe Amerik to Washington, DC, e Batu Sosiyaalist en e Gollotooɓe hakkunde leyɗeele to Londres. E hitaande 1890, o naatnaa e dille Nationalist Clubs gollotooɗe ngam "jokkude njiimaandi kapitaalis e ceertugol hakkunde dente tawa ina ƴellita leñol aadee jam, e nehdi, e yahrude yeeso tigi rigi." Yimre makko yaltinaa e jaaynde wiyeteende Nationalist, jimɗi makko "Similar Cases" ko ƴeewndo satirik wonande yimɓe luulndiiɓe waylo-waylo renndo, o heɓi heen miijooji moƴƴi e juuɗe ƴeewooɓe ɗum. E nder ndeen hitaande fof, 1890, o heɓi heen miijo haa o winndi binndanɗe sappo e joy, jimɗi, novella, e daartol juutngol The Yellow Wallpaper .
Golle makko puɗɗii ko nde o fuɗɗii jannginde ko fayti e ngenndiyaŋkaagal, o dañi gite jamaanu e nder deftere makko adannde, In This Our World, nde o yaltini e hitaande 1893. Ko o jannginoowo teskinɗo, tuugiiɗo e rokkude konnguɗi ngam heɓde ngalu, innde makko mawnii e circle socialist e circle of the social- dille rewɓe .
E nder nguurndam makko, gaagaa yaltinde jimɗi e fijirde, Gilman yaltinii defte jeegom maantinɗe ɗe ngonaa fijirde ; darnde nde addani mo yiyeede e nder “rewɓe sosɓe” fannu sosiyoloji . Ɗee golle, e binndanɗe jaayndeeji ɓeydaaɗe bayyinaaɗe, peeñninii ŋakkeende potal hakkunde rewɓe e worɓe e nder renndo, ina ñiŋa ɗum wonde ko huunde nde rewaani laawol, nde wonaa nuunɗal. O woniino tergal e fedde sosiyoloji Amerik gila nde sosaa e hitaande 1905 haa nde o maayi e hitaande 1935. [3]