Kokushi (official)
| Subclass of | East Asian government position |
|---|---|
| Work location | kokuga |
| Lesdi | Japan |
| Applies to jurisdiction | kuni |
| Next lower rank | gunji |
Kokushi (laamu)
Ayaare Ngewte Jaangugo Waylu iwdi Yiytu daartol
Kujeji huwugo Gila e Wikipedia, ansiklopiiji ɗi ngalaa njoɓdi Ngam kuutorɗe goɗɗe, ƴeew Kokushi (ƴeewndo).
Resndo kokushi jamaanu Taika Kokushi (国司; ina janngee kadi Kuni no tsukasa) ko ardiiɓe diiwanuuji e nder Japon ɓooyɗo. Ɓe ngoni tedduɓe neldaaɓe e laamu hakkundeejo to Kiyoto ngam ƴeewtaade diiwaan gooto, woni njuɓɓudi ndi sosaa e nder reforme Taika e hitaande 645, ndi njuɓɓudi Ritsuryō ƴetti. Kokushi ina waɗi fannuuji nay, gila e ɓurɗi toowde haa e ɓurɗi lesɗude : Kami (守), Suke (介), Jō (掾), e Sakan (目). E nder yontaaji hakkundeeji, guwerneer gardiiɗo golle biyeteeɗo mokudai, daikan kokushi, ƴetti laamu nokkuyankeewu e nder diiwaan hee, kokushi oo arti e laamorgo ngoo ngam ƴettude darnde toppitiinde.
Tariya Ko ɓuri ɓooyde e helmere kokushi feeñii e doosgal leydi ndi kuule sappo e jeeɗiɗi gila 604. E nder mbayliigu Taika e hitaande 645, njuɓɓudi kesiri laamu diiwaan sosaa, ko ɗum woni fuɗɗoode kokushi. Ko adii ɗuum, guwerneeruuji ɗii ina mbiyatnoo mikotomochi (宰 walla 使者). Ndee helmere lomtinaama e alkule kanji 国 (diiwaan) e 司 (guwerneer), ko noon nde anndiraa kokushi.
Kokushi en peccii ko e cate nay (四等官, sitōkan), gila e ɓurɗe toowde haa e ɓurɗe lesɗude : Kami (守), Suke (介), Jō (掾), e Sakan (目). Japon feccii ko e 66 diiwaan e duuɗe ɗiɗi, limoore ardiiɓe kokushi e cate toɗɗaaɗe e kala diiwaan fawii ko e hol cate diiwaanuuji nay (dai, jō, chū, e ge) jeyaa.
Ɓe njoginoo ko doole keewɗe, sibu ko kamɓe ngoni kalfinaaɓe njuɓɓudi laamu, kaalis, sariya, e konu diiwaan oo. E fuɗɗoode, manndaa laamu nguu ko duuɓi jeegom, kono caggal ɗuum ustaama haa duuɓi nay, so wonaa won e diiwanuuji keertiiɗi.E nder laamu nguu, kokushi ina heɓa ngalu e nder njulaagu, caggal ɗuum ina heɓa martabaaji kaalis ɗi ardiiɓe laamu hakkundeejo keɓaani. Nde njuɓɓudi ritsuryō fuɗɗii ustaade, darnde kokushi yiytaa ko no sifaa gooto e dañal ngalu.E lewru suwee 826, laamɓe galle laamɗo toɗɗaa kokushi e nder diiwaan Kazusa, diiwaan Hitachi e diiwaan Kōzuke. Ɗee kokushi kami-class mbiyetee ko taishu, nde tawnoo ɗe njaltaani laamorgo ngoo, ɗe ngolloo e diiwaan toɗɗaaɗo oo, diiwanuuji ɗi ngalaa guwerneer nokku oo njibinaama. E ko feewti e ɗuum, kami yaltuɓe e laamorgo ngoo ngam jogaade birooji mum en nokkuuji ɗii, nganndiraa ko zuryō.
Caggal teeminannde 10ɓiire, caggal ŋakkeende darnde e fusde njuɓɓudi ritsuryō, golle gonɗe e guwerneeruuji diiwanuuji (gunji) e ardiiɓe leslese ɗee, kokushi en ƴetti ɗum en, ɗum waɗi kokushi en ɓeydii doole.
Kono, ngam jaabaade ɓeydagol doole kokushi, guwerneeruuji diiwanuuji ɗii e yimɓe leydi ndii puɗɗii haɓde e kokushi. Sabu murto ngo ina ɓeydoo tiiɗde, kokushi en ngarti e kisal laamu hakkundeejo to Kiyoto, toɗɗii guwerneer gardiiɗo (mokudai), woni daikan kokushi en, laamiiɗo diiwaan oo e nokku hee tawi kokushi en ƴettii darnde gardiiɗo.
Caggal sosde laamuuji nokkuuji (rusudokoro) mokudai e sosde laamuuji diiwaanuuji (chigyōkoku), kokushi wonti cate kese joom en manorial en. No Sesshō e Kampaku e jaagorɗe Diiso mawngo njaɓaa hebbinde kala posto kami mo alaa ko woni e mum, e neldude depiteeji mum en keertiiɗi, mokudai, ngam toppitaade golle laamu kuuɓtodinɗe, denndaangal njuɓɓudi kokushi ɓeydii bonnude. No mokudai en kadi toɗɗaa e leƴƴi nokkuuji doole nii, laamu diiwaan oo ina ɓeydoo woɗɗitaade laamu hakkundeejo to Kiyoto.Caggal jamaanu Heian, laamu ɓurngu toowde, kami, wonti kadi anndireede zuryō (受領). Helmere ndee firti ko waylude golle e kokushi keso toɗɗaaɗo.
E jamaanu Kamakura, caggal sosde laamu Kamakura, samurai en mbaɗi laamu mum en diiwaan, shugo en toɗɗaaɓe e shogun en e shikken en ina ceerti e kokushi en toɗɗaaɓe e Ñaawirde Laamɗo. Shugo en seeɗa-seeɗa ƴetti laamu nguu e juuɗe kokushi en, wonti guwerneeruuji de facto tawi kokushi en ina keddii e wonde guwerneeruuji de jure, hay so tawii noon ko kam en ngoni tiitooɗe ɗe ngalaa doole e nder golle.
Hay caggal momtugol galleeji mawɗi, to bannge politik, kokushi ina heddii e wonde innde teddunde haa nde Meiji artiri e hitaande 1868.
Ƴeew kadi
Sugo
Diiwanuuji Japon
Daikan
Jito
Tuugnorgal.[1] [2] [3]
[taƴto | taƴto ɗaɗi wiki]- ↑ Gibney, Frank (1995). Britannica international encyclopaedia. Japan: TBS-BRITANNICA. 国司. OCLC 55231838.
- ↑ Nihon kokugo daijiten. Shōgakkan. Kokugo Jiten Henshūbu, 小学館. 国語辞典編集部. Shōgakkan. 2006. 受領. ISBN 4-09-521021-4. OCLC 70216445.CS1 maint: others (link)
- ↑ Nihon dai hyakka zensho. Shōgakkan. 小学館. 1989. 受領. ISBN 4-09-526001-7. OCLC 14970117.CS1 maint: others (link)