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Kristos Samra

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Kristos Samra
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Kristos Samra

Kristos Samra (Ge'ez: ክርስቶስ ሠምራ, e ɗemngal romaan: Kristos Šemra, c. teeminannde 15ɓiire) ko debbo ceniɗo Ecoppinaajo, sosɗo suudu dewal eponim e nder maayo Tana.[1][2]

O jeyaa ko e Ecoppinaaɓe ko ɓuri teemedde ɗiɗi seniiɓe ɓiɓɓe leydi e ko adii fof ko ina wona sappo e nayo rewɓe Ecoppinaaɓe seniiɓe.[3]

Eklesiya Tewahedo Ortodoks Eritree, Eklesiya Tewahedo Ortodoks Ecoppi, e Eklesiya Koptik Alexandria fof ina teddini mo, e ñalawma juulde makko ko ñalnde 30 lewru nduu.[4]

Kristos Samra wuuri ko e teeminannde 15ɓiire (alaa ñalɗi jibinannde makko walla maayde makko laaɓtuɗi peeñi e hagiography makko).[5]

Ko ɓuri heewde e nguurndam makko ko Gadle Kristos Samra (Nguurndam Kristos Samra), deftere nde binndoowo gooto ina wiyee Filippos winndi e ɗemngal Ecoppi, ko fayti e makko hedde hitaande 1508.[6] Ko adii nde o maayata, o haalani Filippos nguurndam makko e gite makko capanɗe tati. O winndi hagiography makko to dewal Debre Libanos won e sahaaji hakkunde 1450 e 1508.[7] Firo pecce ɗiɗi hagiography ina tawee e ɗemngal Engele;[8] 1firo binndaango firo e ɗemngal Amharic ina tawee kadi.

E wiyde hagiography Mallory, woni ƴoogirde tan e nguurndam makko, o jibinaa ko e nder galle alɗuɗo, juulɗo, ummoriiɗo e diiwaan keeriijo e nder laamu Kerecee’en Ecoppi, o resi ɓiy almuudo laamɗo oo e hoore mum (almuudo ina waawi resde e nder Egliis Tewahedo Ortodoks Ecoppi). O jibini ɓiɓɓe worɓe njeetato e ɓiɓɓe rewɓe ɗiɗo.[9]

Nde o heɓi duuɓi capanɗe tati, ñalnde wootere o tikkani korɗo debbo gooto mo jikku mum boni, o werlii e daande makko feggere yiite, korɗo debbo oo maayi.[10] Ndeen Kristos Samra nanii kulhuli e aybinde, o ñaagii Alla nde artirta nguurndam maccuɗo debbo oo. Ko moƴƴi heen tan, duwaawu makko jaabaama, korɗo oo artiraa e nguurndam. Kristos Samra, haawnii e ko waɗi koo, naamndii hoore mum "so Alla nanii duwaawu am tawa miɗo woni e ndee nguurndam aduna, hol no o jaabotoo duwaawu am e nder dewal?"

O felliti wonde moñño, o fuɗɗii yahde e nguurndam ruuhu. Kono nde o ari e suudu dewal nduu e 6icfcfo makko cukalel, 6e mbi’i mo hay wor6e gooto nja6ataa naatde e suudu dewal nduu.[11] O yahdi e oon korɗo debbo, ina joginoo ɓiyiiko gorko, ina tiiɗnoo e wondude e Kristos Samra nde o yahrata to dewal too. Ndeen o acci cukalel ngel e yaasi, e sago Alla, debbo goɗɗo ari, hisni cukalel ngel, o mawni mo. Version goɗɗo ina hollita wonde Saint Michael Archangel ƴetti cukalel ngel to asamaan.[12]

Kristos Samra waɗii duuɓi ɗiɗi ko novice hade mum wontude nun. Ndeen o ummiima o fayi maayo Tana, nokku ganndiraaɗo monasteeruuji keewɗi e monk en e monk en ascetic, ngam wuurde nguurndam hermit. Ko golle makko gadane teeŋtuɗe, o waɗi duuɓi sappo e ɗiɗi omo juula, omo darii waktuuji keewɗi e ñalawma e nder ndiyam ɓuuɓɗam saraaji maayo, ko ɗum huunde nde Ecoppinaaɓe dewondirɓe mbaɗata. Wuurde e nder ŋoral, o yahri ko e maayo, o jooɗii e cuuɗi dewal, ina heen Narga Sellase e Tana Qirqos. E nder oo sahaa, o yi’i gite, omo haalda e maleykaaji e seniiɓe kam e Almasiihu e yumma mum Mariyam debbo.

E nder njillu makko ɓurngu anndeede, o yahi haa asamaan e jeynge ngam ñaagaade Almasiihu e Seyɗaane nde ɓe njuɓɓinta koye maɓɓe mbele aadee en natta metteede sabu gaño maɓɓe.[13][14]

Ndeen Patriarchs biblique ngarii e makko e koyɗol, mbiyi mo yo o hoɗ to Gwangut, woni to bannge worgo-fuɗnaange maayo Tana. Ɓe mbi’i mo aduna fof maa artu toon sujjande koyɗe makko. E nder jaabawol, o woppi nguurndam hermit, o sosi dewal.[15]

Monk gooto ina wiyee Yishaq walli mo e mahde ekkol, e jannginde rewɓe novices, e mawninde liturgie. Haa jooni, o woppii laawol gootol kadi e nder solitude, o darii e nder ɓuuɓri duuɓi tati, e nder maayo duuɓi tati goɗɗi.[16]

O wirnaa ko to Gwangwət, caggal ɗuum innde dewal makko inniraa e ooɗoo nokku.

Lowre

Won annduɓe, ko wayi no Efrayim Isaac, ina cikka ko o gooto e filosof en rewɓe adanɓe e nder leydi Ecoppi, e leyɗeele keewɗe goɗɗe. [17][18]Zara Yacob mo Ecoppi e teeminannde 17ɓiire ina yiyee kadi ko filosof gadano Ecoppi, e Afrik.

Annduɗo gooto hollitii wonde hagiography makko ina jeyaa [19]e "sappo tan anndaaɗe nguurndam rewɓe Afriknaaɓe ɗe Afriknaaɓe mbinndi ko adii teeminannde sappo e jeenay." aduna".[20]

Kristos Samra ko debbo seniiɓe yi’ooɓe e yontaaji hakkundeeji hono Julian mo Norwich e Margery Kempe, Rabia mo Basri e Lalla Aziza, e Mirabai[21].

E jamaanu hannde oo, ko Kristos Samra woni seniiɗo ɓurɗo teddineede e nder leydi Ecoppi. E ñalngu juulde 30 lewru nduu, hijjoore makko ina addana ujunnaaje ujunnaaje yahooɓe e maayo Tana.

  1. Belcher, Wendy (January 2018). "The Life and Visions of Krəstos Śämra, a Fifteenth-Century Ethiopian Woman Saint". African Christian Biography: Narratives, Beliefs, and Boundaries, ed. Dana Robert (in Engeleere).
  2. de Birhan Media (2011). "Gedle Kristos Semra (Miracles/Hagiography Kirstos Semra)". Scribd (in Engeleere). Retrieved 2020-08-08.
  3. Selamawit Mecca. 2006. "Hagiographies of Ethiopian Female Saints: With Special Reference to Gädlä Krestos Sämra and Gädlä Feqertä Krestos." Journal of African Cultural Studies 18, no. 2 (December): 153-167.
  4. Selamawit Mecca. 2006. "Hagiographies of Ethiopian Female Saints: With Special Reference to Gädlä Krestos Sämra and Gädlä Feqertä Krestos." Journal of African Cultural Studies 18, no. 2 (December): 153-167.
  5. de Birhan Media (2011). "Gedle Kristos Semra (Miracles/Hagiography Kirstos Semra)". Scribd (in Engeleere). Retrieved 2020-08-08.
  6. Nosnitsin, Denis. 2007. "Krəstos Śämra." Encyclopaedia Aethiopica: He-N: Vol. 3, ed. Siegbert Uhlig, 443-445. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.
  7. Filəṗṗos. Atti di Krestos Samra [Ethiopic Original]. Ed. Enrico Cerulli. Corpus scriptorum Christianorum Orientalium. (Leuven, Belgium: Imprimerie orientaliste L. Durbecq, 1956).
  8. Belcher, Wendy (January 2018). "The Life and Visions of Krəstos Śämra, a Fifteenth-Century Ethiopian Woman Saint". African Christian Biography: Narratives, Beliefs, and Boundaries, ed. Dana Robert (in Engeleere).
  9. de Birhan Media (2011). "Gedle Kristos Semra (Miracles/Hagiography Kirstos Semra)". Scribd (in Engeleere). Retrieved 2020-08-08.
  10. Marie-Laure Derat . 2012. "Chrétiens et musulmans d’Éthiopie face à la traite et à l’esclavage aux XVe et XVIe siècles." Traites et esclavages en Afrique orientale et dans l'océan Indien, ed. Thomas Vernet, Marie-Laure Derat, Henri Médard and Marie-Pierre Ballarin. Paris: Centre d'Etudes des Mondes Africains.
  11. Filəṗṗos. Atti di Krestos Samra [Ethiopic Original]. Ed. Enrico Cerulli. Corpus scriptorum Christianorum Orientalium. (Leuven, Belgium: Imprimerie orientaliste L. Durbecq, 1956).
  12. de Birhan Media (2011). "Gedle Kristos Semra (Miracles/Hagiography Kirstos Semra)". Scribd (in Engeleere). Retrieved 2020-08-08.
  13. de Birhan Media (2011). "Gedle Kristos Semra (Miracles/Hagiography Kirstos Semra)". Scribd (in Engeleere). Retrieved 2020-08-08.
  14. Filəṗṗos. Atti di Krestos Samra [Ethiopic Original]. Ed. Enrico Cerulli. Corpus scriptorum Christianorum Orientalium. (Leuven, Belgium: Imprimerie orientaliste L. Durbecq, 1956).
  15. R. E. Cheesman, Lake Tana and the Blue Nile (London: Macmillan, 1936).
  16. Filəṗṗos. Atti di Krestos Samra [Ethiopic Original]. Ed. Enrico Cerulli. Corpus scriptorum Christianorum Orientalium. (Leuven, Belgium: Imprimerie orientaliste L. Durbecq, 1956).
  17. de Birhan Media (2011). "Gedle Kristos Semra (Miracles/Hagiography Kirstos Semra)". Scribd (in Engeleere). Retrieved 2020-08-08.
  18. Gebre-Medhin, Solomon (2015-03-03). "Ethiopia: "Ethiopia Is a Land of Tolerance, Hospitality and Justice," Prof. Ephraim Issac". The Ethiopian Herald (Addis Ababa). Retrieved 2016-10-18.
  19. Belcher, Wendy (January 2018). "The Life and Visions of Krəstos Śämra, a Fifteenth-Century Ethiopian Woman Saint". African Christian Biography: Narratives, Beliefs, and Boundaries, ed. Dana Robert (in Engeleere).
  20. Belcher, Wendy (January 2018). "The Life and Visions of Krəstos Śämra, a Fifteenth-Century Ethiopian Woman Saint". African Christian Biography: Narratives, Beliefs, and Boundaries, ed. Dana Robert (in Engeleere).
  21. Belcher, Wendy (January 2018). "The Life and Visions of Krəstos Śämra, a Fifteenth-Century Ethiopian Woman Saint". African Christian Biography: Narratives, Beliefs, and Boundaries, ed. Dana Robert (in Engeleere).