Mirzā Mazhar Jān-i Jānān

Mirzā Mazhar Jān-i Jānān (Urdu: مرزا مظہر جانِ جانها), anndiraaɗo kadi laqab mum Shamsuddīn Habībullah (1699–1781), ko yimoowo suufiyaŋke lolluɗo mo Delhi, seertuɗo e gooto e "pillars Urdury" nay ."[1] O anndiraama kadi e yontaaji makko ko sunnītarāsh, "Sunnicizer", sabu darnde makko timmunde, nde o 6eydaani 6eydaade, e yeru makko e Sunna.[1]

O sosi leslese Nasbandi Mazhariyya Shamsiya.

Jibineede e nguurndam puɗɗam

Ñalngu jibinannde makko ina feeñi e hitaande 1111 walla 1113 A.H, ɗum waɗi ko to Kālā Bāgh, Mālwa, e wiyde lowre wootere, e wiyde lowre woɗnde o jibinaa ko to Agra.[2] Sheek Muhammadu Tahir Bakhshi hollitii ñalngu ngu o jibinaa ko ñalnde 11 koorka hitaande 1111 hijriya.[3] O jibinaa ko e galle tedduɗo, jibinannde Afganistaan, gollotooɗo e njuɓɓudi Mughal en.[4] Baaba makko Mirzā Jān ina gollinoo e konu laamɗo Mughal mawɗo biyeteeɗo Aurangzeb. Caggal aada mo laamɗo oo joginoo hakke innde ɓiɓɓe ofiseeji mum, Aurangzeb ina wiyee wiyi:[5]

"Ɓiɗɗo ko ruuhu baaba mum. Nde tawnoo innde baaba mum ko Mirzā Jān, innde ɓiɗɗo oo wonata ko Jān-i Jānān."

Jaŋde makko diine adannde ndee, ko Afzal Siyalkōtī (hadiis) e hāfiz Abdul-Rasuul Dihlawi (Qur’aana) halfinaa ɗum. Nde o heɓi duuɓi 18, o naati e fedde Naqshbandī e gardagol Nūr Muhammadu Bada’ūni, jokkondirɗo no feewi e janngirɗe Sheek Ahmadu Sirhindi, o timmini jaŋde makko e nder duuɓi nay. O fuɗɗiima kadi e nder jamirooje Qadiri, Chishtī e Suhrawardi.[5]

E nder nguurndam makko, Mazhar wasiyaama yo winndu jimɗi e ɗemngal Urdu wonaa e ɗemngal Persi sabu balɗe ɗemngal ɗiɗmal ngal ina wiyee ina limtee e nder leydi Indiya. Gaagaa winndude jimɗi e polemik, Mazhar winndii kadi ɓataakeeji keewɗi jowitiiɗi e miijo e golle suufiyaŋkooɓe.

Lefol e doole

Ina jeyaa e ‘almuɓɓe’ makko walla Muridīn, ganndo mawɗo biyeteeɗo Hanafī, biyeteeɗo Qādi Thanāullāh Panipatī, binnduɗo Tafsir Qur’aana lolluɗo e innde Tafsir-i Mazharī, mo o inniri jannginoowo makko. Kadi e nder leñol makko ruuhuyankeewol (silsila) ari ko ganndo mawɗo Hanafí biyeteeɗo Imam Ibnu Abidin e fiyoowo Qur’aana biyeteeɗo Allāma Alusī.

Leñol makko Nasbandi en ari anndireede Mazhariyya Shamsiyya. Ina wayi no Mazhar ina yamiri almuɓɓe ɓurɓe heewde e ardiiɓe ɗum ɓee. O woni ko e winndude e jaagorɗe makko, ɓataakeeji makko ina mbaɗi ko heewi e ganndal men e nguurndam makko e miijooji makko.[6]

Lomtii mo ko khaliifa makko (cukko) Abdullaah, lollirɗo Shah Ghulam Ali Dahlavi, mo ko ɓuri heewde e almuɓɓe Naqshbandi hannde ɓee mbiyata ko Mujaddid teeminannde 13ɓiire lislaam. Tariqah makko yaajii e nder leydi Indiya fof e Fuɗnaange hakkundeejo.

Wade

Mirzā Mazhar waraa, gaañiiɗo no feewi ñalnde 7 lewru Muharram, hitaande 1195 hijriya/1780 caggal iisa. Winndiyanke Āb-i Ḥayāt winndi:[7]

"Sabaabu ndee warngo ina yaaji e nder Delhi hakkunde toowɓe e leslese: wonde e fawaade e aadaaji, ñalnde jeeɗiɗaɓere [Muḥarram], balɗe ɗee ina njaltinee dow [e nder dingiral]. Mirzā Mazhar jooɗiima sara laawol ngol e nder... veranda toowɗo galle makko, e won e almuɓɓe makko teeŋtuɓe No yimɓe barbareeɓe aadoraaɓe mbaɗata nii, fedde makko [Sunni] e fedde [Shiite] ina waawi tawa ina mberloo won e tooñanngeeji e tooñanngeeji, kadi won barbareeji ina mettini heen ɓe ngonnoo ko neɗɗo gooto mo ɓernde mum kaaƴe ina wiyee Faulād [=njamndi] Ḳhān, mo barbaar no feewi O waɗi ndee golle bonɗe Kono Ḥakīm Qudratullāh Ḳhān ‘Qāsim’, e nder deftere mum, wiyi wonde e nder yimre mum Mirzā Sahib e aayeeji ngam yettude Hazrat ʿAlī, won sunnit en ƴettii ndee amiss mbaɗi ndee golle bonɗe.

Winndiyanke Āb-i Ḥayāt, Shi’a pellital, ina tuuma wonde ina wondi e ƴaañgal diine partiiji. Porofesoor biyeteeɗo Frances Pritchett teskiima wonde daartol sakkitiingol maayde Mirzā Mazhar e nder Āb-i Ḥayāt ko mbayliigu anniya.[8] Porofesoor Friedmann, kam e Annemarie Schimmel e Itzchad Weismann, kamɓe fof ɓe teskiima wonde Mirzā Mazhar ko jom doole en Shiite en wari ɗum en.

Ko ɓuri heewde e winndooɓe nguurndam makko e ɗemngal Urdu mbinndi kadi wonde o waraama ko e balɗe 7 Muharram, o maayi ko ñalnde 10 Muharram hitaande 1195 hijriya.[3]

Caɗeele Ruuhuyankooje

Binndanɗe mawɗe : Catal kaŋŋe Nasbandi-Haqqani, Catal kaŋŋe Nasbandi Tahiri, e Catal kaŋŋe Nasbandi Huseini

Mirza Mazhar jeyaa ko e njuɓɓudi suufiyaŋkaagal mujaddidi, woni caltal mawngal e tariqaaji suufiyaŋkaagal naqshbandi. Leñol makko ruuhuyankeewol ina rewi e Sheek Ahmadu Sirhindi, Mujaddid teeminannde sappo e go’aɓere Hijri.[9]

Kulaafa

To Maqamat Mazhari, khaliifa makko mawɗo e lomto makko Shah Ghulam Ali Dahlwai ina winnda daartol juutngol e heewɓe e Khulaa (depiteeji) makko. Ina jeyaa heen:[10]

Qadi Thanaullah Panipati, binnduɗo Tafsir Mazhari e defte Islaam teskinɗe goɗɗe, iwdi Usmaan kaliifa tataɓo Lislaam

Mawlana fadalUllah mawniiko qadi thanaullah panipati

Mawlana AhmadUllah, ɓiy mawɗo Qadi Thanaullah Panipati, lolluɗo e jaambaare mum e karallaagal mum e haɓde

Debbo Qadi Thanaullah Panipati

Shah NaimUllah Bahraichi Naqshbandi binnduɗo deftere Mamoolaat-e-Mazhariya, Basharaat-e-Mazhariya (Koppi binndaaɗi e junngo e nder birooji leydi Indiya to Londres.

Shah abdul ghani mujaadi

Maulvi kalim faruqi, ganndo Hadiis, cosoɗo galle maulwi to silhet

Ƴeew kadi

Yimre Urdu

Doggol yimooɓe ɗemngal Urdu

Tuugnorgal

1. Kadi Muhammadu ko nulaaɗo makko: Teddungal Annabi e nder dewal lislaam, ko Annemarie Schimmel winndi (Hill Chappel: Jaaynde Duɗal Jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Karolina worgo, 1985)
2. Hazaron Khawaishen Aisi: Aduna kaawniiɗo e Ghazals Urdu. Harper Kolins. 2018. p. 3. ISBN 9789353023409.
3. Jalwa Gah-e-Dost (Urdu) 2nd edition (2008) de Muhammad Tahir Bakhshi Naqshbandi: "Jalwa Gah-e-Dost". Mooftaa ko e asli mum ñalnde 26 sulyee 2011. Ƴeewtaa ko ñalnde 5 sulyee 2010.
4. Weismaan, Itsaak (2019). "Jaan-i Jaan, Maẓhar". E nder laana ndiwoowa, Kate; Krémer, Gudrun; Matiri, Denis; Nawaas, ko Yuhanna; Rowson, Everet (ƴeewndotooɗo). Ansiklopedi lislaam (3e éd.). Brill e internet. ISSN 1873 haa 9830.
5. Yi’annde julɓe wakkati cakaari dow diina Indiya, Y. Friedmann, JOAS 95, 1975.
6. Naqshbandiyya: ortodoksi e golle e nder aadaaji suufiyaŋkooɓe winndere ndee kala, Itzchak Weismann, Routledge, 2007.
7. MUḤAMMAD ḤUSAIN ĀZĀD firti ɗum ko Frances W. Pritchett e ballondiral e Shamsur Rahman Faruqi
8. Resooji anndinde: yimooɓe Urdu e ƴeewooɓe ɗum, Frances W. Pritchett
9. "Caɗeele kaŋŋe (Sijra)". Mooftaa ko e asli mum ñalnde 24 noowammbar 2010. Ƴeewtaa ko ñalnde 14 sulyee 2010.
10. "Maqamat-e-Mazhari (Urdu) Nguurndam Hazrat Mirza Mazhar Jan-e-Janan". Mooftaa ko e asli mum ñalnde 13 oktoobar 2011. Ƴeewtaa ko ñalnde 8 sulyee 2010.