Timnit Gebru

Timnit Gebru

ɓii aadama

Jinsu	debbum
Ɓii-leydiyankaaku	Dowlaaji Dentuɗi
Innde	Timnit
Innde ɓesngu	Gebru
Ɗuubi daygo	1983
Ɗoforde	Adis Ababa
Wolde	Inngilisjo
Sana'aji	researcher, artificial intelligence researcher, AI ethicist
Field of work	algorithmic bias, data mining, artificial intelligence, ethics of artificial intelligence
Employer	Google, Microsoft Research
Janngi to	Stanford University
Doctoral advisor	Fei-Fei Li
Affiliation	Stanford University
Magnum opus	Black in AI, On the Dangers of Stochastic Parrots: Can Language Models Be Too Big? 🦜, Distributed Artificial Intelligence Research Institute
Award received	Time 100, BBC 100 Women
Laawol ngol laamu anndani	https://ai.stanford.edu/~tgebru/
Personal pronoun	L484

 

 From Wikidata

Timnit W. Gebru (amharik e tigrinya: ትምኒት ገብሩ; 1982/1983) ko ganndo ordinateer jibinaaɗo to Ecoppi, golloowo e fannuuji hakkille kuuɓtodinɗo (AI), mbayliigu algoritme e ƴeewndo dokke]. Ko kanko woni gooto e sosɓe Black in AI, fedde daraniinde darnde ɓaleeɓe ɓurnde heewde e ƴellitaare e wiɗtooji AI. Ko kanko sosi Duɗal wiɗtooji ganndal kuuɓtodinngal (DAIR).

E lewru Duujal 2020, luural hakkunde yimɓe fuɗɗii ko e ngonka Gebru e yaltude Google, ɗo o wonnoo gardiiɗo karallaagal Goomu Hakkilantaagal Artifisiyel Etikal. Gebru wonnoo ko e winndude ɓataake ko faati e caɗeele ɗemɗe mawɗe (LLM) kuutortooɗe no parrot stochastique nii, o rokki ɗum ngam yaltineede. E wiyde Jeff Dean, ɓataake oo yettinaama tawa ɗaɓɓaani ƴeewndo nder Google, ndeen noon, nde hollitii wonde nde yejjitaani wiɗtooji keewɗi jowitiiɗi e ɗuum. Njuɓɓudi Google ɗaɓɓiri Gebru yo ittu ɓataake oo walla ittude inɗe winndooɓe gollotooɓe e Google ɓee fof. Gebru naamndii anndinde e miijooji kala ƴeewtotooɗo, o wiyi so Google saliima maa o haaldu e gardiiɗo makko ko fayti e "ñalngu cakkitiingu". Google woppi golle makko ɗoon e ɗoon, wiyi ina njaɓa deƴƴere makko. Gebru hollitii wonde o ɗaɓɓaani e dow laawol yo o woppu laamu, o hunani tan.

Gebru ina anndaa no feewi e karallaagal mum e nder etikaaji hakkille artificiel. O innitiraa ko gooto e ardiiɓe 50 ɓurɓe mawnude e winndere nde, hono Fortune, kadi o jeyaa ko e yimɓe sappo Nature, ɓe mbayli ganndal e hitaande 2021, e hitaande 2022, o jeyaa ko e yimɓe ɓurɓe waawde Time.

Nguurndam e jaŋde puɗɗagol

Gebru mawni ko to wuro Addis Abeba, leydi Ecoppi. Baaba makko, ko injenieer elektirik, jogiiɗo Doktoraa Filosofi (PhD), maayi nde o yahrata e duuɓi joy, yumma makko, ko ganndo faggudu, mawni mo. Jibnaaɓe makko ɗiɗo fof ko Eritree. Nde Gebru heɓi duuɓi 15, e nder wolde hakkunde Eritree e Ecoppi, o dogi Ecoppi caggal nde won e ɓesngu makko ndiiwaa Eritree, o dogi o haɓa e wolde nde. E fuɗɗoode o haɗaama visa Amerik, o hoɗi ko juuti to Irlande, kono o heɓi asilo politik to Amerik,ko huunde nde o wiyi ko "miskineeɓe". Gebru hoɗi to Somerville, Massachusetts, ngam yahde duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde, ɗo o wiyi ɗoon e ɗoon o fuɗɗii heɓde njiyaagu, won jannginooɓe caliima jaɓde mo waɗde won e kursuuji Advanced Placement, hay so tawii ko o baawɗo golle toowɗe.

Caggal nde o timmini jaŋde makko leslesre, kawral e polis waɗi Gebru e laawol feewde e ƴellitde etikaaji e nder karallaagal. Sehil makko gooto, debbo ɓaleejo, yani e nder bar, Gebru noddi polis ngam humpitaade ɗum. O wiyi, e nokku ɗo o waɗata ciimtol warngooji ɗii, sehil makko nanngaa, o rewnaa e suudu safrirdu. Gebru noddi ɗum wakkati piɓondiral e "yeru laaɓtuɗo njiyaagu njuɓɓudi."

E hitaande 2001, Gebru jaɓaa to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Stanford.Ko ɗoon o heɓi dipolomaaji makko Bachelor e Master e ganndal elektoronik e PhD makko e yiyngo ordinateer e hitaande 2017. Gebru ko Fei-Fei Li wasiyii ɗum e nder porogaraam mum doktoraa.

E nder wooteeji hooreleydaagu Amerik e hitaande 2008, Gebru waɗii kampaañ ngam wallitde Barak Obama.

Gebru hollitii wiɗtooji mum doktoraa e kawgel 2017 LDV Capital Vision Summit, ɗo annduɓe yiyngo ordinateeruuji kolliti golle mum en e terɗe gollorɗe e kapitaaluuji njulaagu. Gebru heɓi kawgel ngel, o fuɗɗii gollodaade e gollotooɓe woɗɓe e jom jawdi en.

E nder porogaraam makko PhD e hitaande 2016 e hitaande 2018, Gebru artii Ecoppi e kampaañ porogaraam Jelani Nelson biyeteeɗo AddisCoder.

Nde o woni e golle PhD makko, Gebru winndii winndannde nde meeɗaa yaltineede, ko fayti e ngoƴa makko e ko fayti e AI. O winndii e batte ŋakkeende keewal e nder fannu oo, o tuugnii ko e humpitooji makko e polis e wiɗto ProPublica jowitiingo e polis teskaango, kolliroowo ƴeewndo mbayliigu aadee e nder janngugol masiŋaaji. E nder ɓataake o, o ƴattii "pinal fedde sukaaɓe", o miijii ko o yi'i e batuuji worɓe yarooɓe tawtoraaɓe ina njuuma e makko, o ñiŋi kadi dewal jaambaaro yimɓe mawɓe fannu oo.

Kugal

2004–2013 : Ƴellitaare lowre to Apple

Gebru naati e Apple ko e stage nde o woni to Stanford, omo gollina e diɗɗal maɓɓe hardware waɗde circuit ngam composanteeji audio, o rokkaama golle timmuɗe e hitaande rewtunde ndee. E golle makko e nder injenieer odio, gardiiɗo makko wiyi Wired wonde o "hulaani", kadi gollodiiɓe makko ina njiɗi mo no feewi. E nder golle makko to Apple, Gebru ɓuri yiɗde mahde lowre, woni yiyngo ordinateer baawngo yiytude limooje aadee. O yahi haa o ƴetti algoritmeeji gollorɗi signal ngam iPad gadano oo. E oon sahaa, o wiyi o miijaaki huutoraade ɗum ngam ƴeewde, o wiyi "mi tawii tan ko ɗum huunde welnde e karallaagal."

Ko juuti caggal nde o yalti sosiyetee oo, e nder dille #AppleToo e nder ndunngu 2021, ɗe injenieer Apple biyeteeɗo Cher Scarlett ardii, mo o jokkondiri e Gebru, Gebru hollitii wonde o heɓiino "geɗe keewɗe bonɗe" e "ko sahaa kala ina naamnoo no ɓe mbaawirta heɓde ɗum." Apple ɓooyii, jeertini ɓe mbaawataa jokkude diwde e les radar ko juuti. Gebru kadi ñiŋii no jaayɗe ɗee njuɓɓinirta Apple e jaayɗe goɗɗe, o wiyi wonde jaayndeeji ɗii ina mballita e reende sosiyeteeji ɗii e ƴeewndo yimɓe.

2013-2017: Wiɗtooji to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Stanford e Mikrosoft

E hitaande 2013, Gebru naati e laboratuwaar Fei-Fei Li to Stanford, ɗo o hawri e jaŋde luggiɗnde e Google Street View ngam hiisaade demokaraasi hoɗdiiɓe Amerik, hollirde wonde sifaaji renndo-faggudu ko wayi no no woote ɗee mbaɗirtee, ngalu, leñol, e jaŋde ina mbaawi ƴeewteede e ƴeewndorɗe otooji.

E hitaande 2015, Gebru tawtoraama batu mawngu fannu oo, hono Siistemaaji ƴellitgol humpitooji (NIPS), to Montreal, Kanadaa. E nder 3 700 tawtoraaɓe, o teskiima wonde o jeyaa ko e wiɗtooɓe ɓaleeɓe seeɗa tan. Nde o tawtoraama kadi hitaande rewtunde ndee, o waɗi limto, o teskiima wonde worɓe ɓaleeɓe njoyo tan ngoni heen, ko kanko tan woni debbo ɓaleejo e nder 8 500 depiteeji. Wondude e gollodiiɗo mum Rediet Abebe, Gebru sosi Black in AI, renndo wiɗtooɓe ɓaleeɓe gollotooɓe e hakkillaaji artificiel, tawi faandaare mum ko ɓeydude woodgol, yiyteede, e wellitaare annduɓe e ardiiɓe ɓaleeɓe e nder fannu oo.

E nder ndunngu 2017, Gebru naati e Microsoft ngam wonde wiɗtoowo caggal doktoraa e nder laboratuwaar Nuunɗal, Jaɓɓungal, Laabi, e Neɗɗaagu e nder AI (FATE). E hitaande 2017, Gebru haaliino e batu Nuunɗal e laaɓal, ɗo MIT Technology Review yeewtidi e makko ko fayti e ŋakkeende gonnde e nder njuɓɓudi AI e no ɓeydugol keewal e nder kippuuji AI waawi feewnude oon caɗeele. E nder yeewtere makko e Jackie Snow, Snow naamndii Gebru : « hol no ŋakkeende keewal waylirta hakkille artificiel e teeŋti noon e yiyngo ordinateer ? e Gebru hollitii wonde ina woodi biases gonɗe e ƴellitooɓe lowre ndee. Nde o woni to Microsoft, Gebru wondi e binndanɗe wiɗto biyeteeɗe Gender Shades, ɗe ngoni innde eɓɓaande eɓɓaande ɓurnde yaajde to Duɗal Karallaagal to Massachusetts, nde winndiyanke gooto biyeteeɗo Joy Buolamwini ardii. Ɓe ɗiɗo fof ɓe njiyti lowre anndinde yeeso, ɓe tawi e nder gollal gootal, rewɓe ɓaleeɓe ina pamɗi 35% e worɓe ɓaleeɓe.

2018-2020: Etikaaji hakkille kuutorteeɗo to Google

Gebru naati Google e hitaande 2018, ɗo o ardii goomu ko faati e etikaaji hakkille kuuɓtodinɗo e Margaret Mitchell. O janngi ko woni e hakkille artificiel, o yiɗi ɓeydude mbaawka karallaagal ngam waɗde ko moƴƴi e renndo.

E hitaande 2019, Gebru e wiɗtooɓe woɗɓe hakkillaaji artifisiyel "siifondirii ɓataake ina ɗaɓɓi e Amazon yo woppu yeeyde karallaagal mum anndinde yeeso e juɓɓule toppitiiɗe sariya sabu ngal ƴaañii ko e rewɓe e yimɓe ɓaleeɓe", ɓe ciftorii wiɗto ngo wiɗtooɓe MIT mbaɗi kollitooji wonde karallaagal anndinde yeeso Amazon ina jogii ko ɓuri kala karallaagal anndinde yeeso Amazon sosiyetee oo lowre anndinde yeeso. E nder yeewtere New York Times, Gebru ɓeydi heen wonde omo sikki anndinde yeeso ina saɗi no feewi, tee ina waawi huutoreede ngam reentaade sariya e kisal e oo sahaa.

Yaltu e Google

E hitaande 2020 Gebru e wondiiɓe mum njoyo mbinndi winndannde tiitoonde mum ko "Ko fayti e kulhuli parrot stochastic: Mbele Modeluuji ɗemɗe ina mbaawi mawnude no feewi? 🦜". Ɗerewol ngol ƴeewtiima caɗeele moodeluuji ɗemɗe mawɗe no feewi, ina heen jokkere enɗam mum en e nokkuuji, njoɓdi kaalis, ŋakkeende ƴeewndo moodeluuji mawɗi, mbaawka LLM hollirde njiyaagu e won e pelle, waasde LLM faamde ɗemngal ngal ɓe kuutortoo, e huutoraade disinformation ngam saaktude.

E lewru Duujal 2020, golle makko e Google njoofi caggal nde njuɓɓudi Google naamndii mo yo o ittu ɓataake oo hade makko yaltude, walla o itta inɗe gollotooɓe Google ɓee fof e ɓataake oo. E nder winndooɓe jeegom ɓee, ko Emily M. Bender tan gollotoo e Google e oon sahaa. E nder jaabawol, Gebru neldii iimeel ngam ɗaɓɓude ittude hoore mum e ɓataake oo so tawii Google rokkii konte hol ƴeewtuɗo golle ɗee e hol no ɗe ƴeewtiri, e sosde feere ƴeewndo ɓurnde laaɓtude ngam wiɗtooji garooji. O jokki heen wonde maa o gollodo e Google e ñalngu joofnirde golle caggal nde o waɗi waktuuji potɗi so tawii sarɗiiji makko njoɓaaka. Gebru kadi neldii iimeel ɗiɗaɓo e doggol iimeeluuji rewɓe gollotooɓe e Google Brain ina tuuma sosiyetee oo “muumtude daande marginaal” e ittude porogaraamuuji keewal nder Google ngam ustude waktuuji. Google jaɓaani ɗaɓɓaande makko, o woppi golle makko ɗoon e ɗoon, o hollitii wonde ɓe njaɓii deƴƴere makko. Gebru hollitii wonde o riiwaama.

Caggal ɗuum, Jeff Dean, gardiiɗo wiɗtooji AI to Google, neldi iimeel feewde e gollotooɓe Google ngam haalde ko fayti e yahdu Gebru. E nder iimeel hee, o winndi wonde ɓataake oo yahdaani e tolnooji Google ngam yaltinde ɗum sabu nde yejjitii wiɗtooji keewɗi baɗanooɗi ko ɓooyaani ko fayti e laabi ngam ustude won e caɗeele mbayliigu e kuutoragol semmbe sifotooɗe e mayre. O fawii kadi e laawol wiɗto Google ngol, sibu ina yiɗi "haɓaade caɗeele teeŋtuɗe, kono waɗde ɗum e dow nuunɗal." Ko ina tolnoo e 2 700 gollotooɗo Google e ko ina ɓura 4 300 jannginooɓe e wallitooɓe renndo siwil ciifi ɓataake ngam ñiŋde Gebru mo tuumaama woppiteede. Terɗe Kongres 9 neldi ɓataake feewde e Google ngam ɗaɓɓude e mum yo laaɓtin ngonkaaji gonɗi e yaltude Timnit Gebru. Mitchell ƴetti Twitter ngam ñiŋde no Google waɗiri gollotooɓe gollotooɓe ngam ittude fenaande e tooke e nder AI, haa arti noon e wiyde ina woppira Gebru. Mitchell woppitaama caggal ɗuum caggal nde o tuumaa sosde binndanɗe otomaatik ngam ƴeewde serweeji nder Google ngam seedaade bonanndeeji Gebru.

Caggal nde jaayndeeji bonɗi mbaɗi e ngonka yaltugol makko, Sundar Pichai, hooreejo Alphabet, sosiyetee mawɗo Google, fuɗɗii wiɗto lebbi keewɗi e ko waɗi koo. Nde ƴeewndo ngoo joofi, Dean hollitii wonde Google maa waylu "laabi mum ngam ƴellitde no won e gollotooɓe njaltirta e sosiyetee oo."Yanti heen, Dean wiyi maa won waylooji e no binndanɗe wiɗto jogiiɗe toɓɓe "sensitive" ƴeewtetee, e keewal, potal, e paandaale naatgol maa ciimte to Alphabet' directs7. Google waɗii kadi yeewtere ngam gollotooɓe ɓaleeɓe ngam yeewtidde e ko fayti e njiyaagu e nder sosiyetee oo, caggal ɗuum joɗnde psychothérapie groupe e terapist jogiiɗo yamiroore. Won e gollotooɓe mbiyi ko therapy referrals ko ƴattaade bonannde nde ɓe cikkata ko Gebru wiyde ina woppi golle.

E lewru noowammbar 2021, Nathan Cummings Foundation, gollondirɗo e Open MIC e ballondiral e Color of Change,waɗii eɓɓaande jom jawdi en ina ɗaɓɓi "ƴeewndo potal leƴƴi" ngam yuurnitaade "batte bonɗe" Alfabet e "renndooji ɓaleeɓe, ɓiɓɓe leydi e yimɓe ɓaleeɓe (BIPOC)". Eɓɓaande ndee ina ɗaɓɓi kadi wiɗto ngam anndude so tawii Google ina jogori yoɓde gollotooɓe tokosɓe ɓe nganndu-ɗaa ko kamɓe ngoni ŋakkere enɗam,[50] e wiyde Gebru, eɓɓaande makko adannde ngam Google yoɓ BIPOC ɓurɓe heewde, e wiɗtooji makko jowitiiɗi e ŋakkeende njiyaagu e nder karallaagal Google. Eɓɓaande ndee rewi ko e ɗaɓɓaande ɓurnde famɗude e fedde terɗe Senaa Democratic Caucus nde Cory Booker ardii gila e fuɗɗoode ndeen hitaande, kadi ina hollita seertude Gebru e sosiyetee oo e golle mum.

E lewru Duujal 2021, jaaynde Reuters hollitii wonde Google ina woni e wiɗto to Departemaa Kaliforni toppitiiɗo golle e koɗki (DFEH) ngam waɗde ɗum e rewɓe ɓaleeɓe, caggal wullitaango keewngo laaɓtungo e dow fenaande e majjere gollotooɓe hannde e ɓennuɓe.[ Wiɗto ngoo ari ko caggal nde Gebru, e gollotooɓe BIPOC woɗɓe, kolliti wonde nde ɓe ngaddi humpitooji maɓɓe e njiyaagu e njiyaagu to Human Resources, ɓe wasiyiima yo ɓe ƴettu lekki safaara e terapi rewrude e porogaraam ballal gollotooɓe (EAP) sosiyetee oo. Gebru, e woɗɓe, ina cikki wonde ko o tuumaa ko ustude golle makko ko fenaande, kadi ko seedeeji wonde Google ko njiyaagu e nder juɓɓule. Google wiyi wonde "ina jokki e waɗde heen hakkille mum e ndee ɗoo golle teeŋtunde e wiɗtude no feewi kala ko ina addana ɗum, ngam tabitinde wonde [Google] ina jogii wakilaagu e potal."

Wiɗtooji keertiiɗi

E lewru suwee 2021, Gebru hollitii wonde ina moofta kaalis ngam "udditaade duɗal wiɗto keeriiɗo tuugingal e golle makko e fedde Google Ethical AI e humpito makko e Black in AI." pelle, tawi ko ɓuri teeŋtude ko e Afrik e Afriknaaɓe eggiyankooɓe wonɓe e leyɗeele dentuɗe Amerik.[57][58] Gooto e eɓɓooje fedde nde adannde ina anniyii ƴeewtaade natal satelitaaji gure e nder Afrik worgo e AI ngam ɓeydaade faamde legacy apartaayd.

Gebru e Émile P. Torres mbaɗii innde neologism TESCREAL ngam ñiŋde ko ɓe njiyri ko dental filosofiiji futurist gonɗi e dow mum en: waylo-waylo neɗɗo, ekstropianism, gootol, kosmism, hakkilantaagal, ballal moƴƴal, e juutngal. Gebru ina jokki e ƴeewde ɗeen geɗe ko batte njuumri e nder Big Tech e nanndinde ɗum en e "eugenicist en teeminannde 20ɓiire" e peewnugol eɓɓooji bonɗi ɗi ɓe kollirta ko "naftortooɗi neɗɗaagu". Gebru ñiŋii wiɗtooji jowitiiɗi e hakkille kuuɓtodinɗo artifisiyel (AGI) sibu ina tuugii e yuɓɓo (eugenics). Gebru hollitii wonde hakkille ina foti woɗɗitaade AGI, kadi etaade mahde AGI ko huunde nde alaa kisal.

Njeenaaje e njeenaari

Gebru, Buolamwini, e Inioluwa Deborah Raji keɓii njeenaari kesiri AI to VentureBeat e hitaande 2019 e nder cate AI ngam moƴƴere ngam wiɗtooji maɓɓe teeŋtinɗi caɗeele mawɗe jowitiiɗe e mbayliigu algoritme e nder anndinde yeeso. Gebru innitiraa ko gooto e ardiiɓe 50 ɓurɓe mawnude e winndere nde, e hitaande 2021. Gebru naatii e doggol annduɓe sappo jogiiɓe darnde teeŋtunde e ƴellitaare ganndal e hitaande 2021 nde jaaynde ganndal wiyeteende Nature winndi.

Gebru innitiraa ko gooto e yimɓe ɓurɓe waawde Time e hitaande 2022.

E hitaande 2023, Gebru innitiraa ko fedde Carnegie to New York, hono tedduɗo njeenaaje mawɗe eggooɓe. O rokkaama njeenaari ngam darnde makko maantiniinde e fannu hakkille artificiel mo alaa ko woni e mum.

E lewru noowammbar 2023, o naati e doggol rewɓe 100 BBC, o jeyaa ko e rewɓe ɓurɓe waawde e nder winndere nde.

Binndanɗe cuɓaaɗe

•Sosiyoloji hiisiwal yiyteende: laabi yiytere ordinateer e caɗeele

•Geburu, Timnit; Krause, ko Yonatan; Waŋ, Yilun; Ɗen, Duyuun; Deŋ, Jia; Aiden, Eres Liberman; Fee-Fee, Li (12 desaambar 2017). "Naftoraade jannde luggiɗnde e Google Street View ngam hiisaade keewal yimɓe e nder gure Amerik". Koolol Akademi Ganndal Ngenndiwal. 114 (50): 13108-13113. Kod Bib:2017PNAS..11413108G. 10.1073/pnas.1700035114. Ɗemngal 0027-8424. PMC 5740675. PMID 29183967.

•Buolamwini, Weltaare; Gebru, Timnit (2018). "Gender Shades: Ceerndagol laaɓal hakkundeeji e nder senngo jinnaaɓe njulaagu". Koolol wiɗtooji janngugol masiŋaaji. 81: 1-15. Ɗemngal 1938 haa 7288.

•Gebru, wuro Timnit (9 sulyee 2020). "Leñol e Jinnaaɗo". To Dubber, Markus D.; Paskual, ​​•Frank; Das, Sunit (winndinooɓe). Deftere Oxford ko faati e nehdi AI. Jaaynde jaaynde Oxford. 251 haa 269. 10.1093/Oxfordhb/9780190067397.013.16. ISBN 978-019-006739-7.

•Gebru, wuro Timnit (9 sulyee 2020). "Leñol e Jinnaaɗo". To Dubber, Markus D.; Paskual, ​​Frank; Das, Sunit (winndinooɓe). Deftere Oxford ko faati e nehdi AI. Jaaynde jaaynde Oxford. 251 haa 269. 10.1093/Oxfordhb/9780190067397.013.16. ISBN 978-019-006739-7.

•Geburu, Timnit; Torres, Emil P. (1 abriil 2024). "Dental TESCREAL: Eugenics e fodoore utopia rewrude e hakkille kuuɓtodinɗo". Altine gadano. 29 (4). 10.5210/fm.v29i4.13636.

Ƴeew kadi

Bias kodde

Kilaar Stapleton

Meredit wittaker

Sofi Zhang