Women in print movement

Rewɓe e nder dille binndi ( WIP ) ko golle winndereyankooje ɗe feministe en gonɗi e mbaydi ɗiɗmiri mbaɗi ngam sosde jokkondire goɗɗe ɗe rewɓe mbaɗata e ngam rewɓe. Diɗɗal ngal ina hirjina rewɓe yo mbinndu e yaltinde golle mum en e nder jaayndeeji rewɓe ɗi rewɓe njiylotoo, ɗi jaayndeeji rewɓe mbinndata, ɗi renndina e nder laylayti renndo ɗi ngonaa laamuyankooji e defte rewɓe . WIP yalti ko e kitaale 1960 e nder dillere ndimaagu rewɓe, fedde feminism radikal yiylotoonde baabiraaɓe ko huunde njuɓɓudi, njuɓɓudi ndi waawaa wayleede. Heewɓe e rewɓe radikal en kadi ko seernaaɓe rewɓe e lesbiyan en huutortooɓe dille WIP ngam sosde faggudu e pinal jowitiingal e rewɓe.

Ardiiɓe

Feministe en gonɓe e mbaydi adanndi kuutoriima konngol binndi ngam yuɓɓinde golle suɓngooji e ƴellitde miijo yimɓe e hakkeeji rewɓe e teeminannde 19ɓiire e 20ɓiire. E hitaande 1888, debbo Ostarali biyeteeɗo Louisa Lawson sosi jaaynde wiyeteende The Dawn, jaaynde ina waɗi denndaangal rewɓe winndooɓe e winndooɓe.

Goɗngol ko adii WIP ko Vice Versa, jaaynde lesbiyanke nde Lisa Ben sosi e hitaande 1947. E oon sahaa, sariyaaji fenaande ina kaɗi ko fayti e gaynaako en e lesbiyen en yaltineede e saaktude, ko ɗuum waɗi Ben huutoriima masiŋ binndol biro mum to RKO Studios ngam winndude, feewnude Versa, e tafde ɗum. O heewi waɗde koppiiji sappo e kala tonngoode, o rokka ɗum en sehilaaɓe, o naamnoo ɓe yo ɓe njaltin jaaynde ndee e lesbinaaɓe woɗɓe wonɓe e dingiral maɓɓe. Ben ina anndi dille WIP caggal ɗuum ɗee, ko golle baɗɗe faayiida, kaɓirɗe birooji wujjuɗe, e jokkondire cirkulaasiyoŋ ɗe ngonaa laamuyankooje.

Sabaabuuji

Feministe en ina ñiŋa jaayndeeji mawɗi ɗii e jaayɗe goɗɗe New Left media, ɗe keewaani tafde binndanɗe rewɓe, ɗe njippini gollotooɓe rewɓe e golle tappirɗe, ɗe njaltini daartol gonngol e dow rewɓe, ngol ƴaañii dille ndimaagu rewɓe ummotooɗe ɗee. E fuɗɗoode kitaale 1970, rewɓe mbaɗii ƴettugol binndanɗe keewɗe, ina jeyaa heen Los Angeles Free Press, Bird mawɗo, e Rat . Ɓeydagol korporaasiyoŋ e monopolismaasiyoŋ jaayɗe mawɗe ina jokki kadi e rewɓe ndimaagu yiɗɓe binndanɗe mum en cirƴaade e nder jaayɗe rimɗe e jeytaare. Feministe en ina cikkatnoo wonde baylugol ko huunde nde alaa ko woni e mum so wonaa politik, tee « rewɓe, e anndude ɗum, ina poti naatde e geɗe peewnugol binndol ngam waawde waɗde daande rewɓe ina nana.^[1]

Iwdiiji

Kathryn Thoms Flannery hollitii hitaande 1968 ko hitaande ɓuuɓnde ngam binndanɗe rewɓe ceertuɗe anndinde. Jaayɗe WIP sosaaɗe e hitaande 1968 ina mbaɗi Lilith, No More Fun and Games, Daande Dillere Ndimaagu Rewɓe, e Notes ummoraade e hitaande adannde .

Defterdu WIP ina joginoo semmbe e dille renndoyankooje e luulndiiɗe pinal hannde, ina jeyaa heen dille jojjanɗe aadee, New Left, e pelle demokaraasi radikal ko wayi no Almudɓe ngam Renndo Demokaraasi e Goomu Jokkondiral Almudɓe ɓe ngonaa fitinaaji . Teeŋtin’de WIP e estetik amateur, DIY e kollirgol kadi ina joginoo ɗaɗi e miijo anarkisma .

Kewu mawɗo e nder dillere ndee ko batu gadano Women in Print Conference, waɗnoo to Omaha, Nebraska e lewru ut 1976. 132 debbo binndoowo, binndoowo, bayyinoowo, e yeeyooɓe defte tawtoraama, tawi ina lomtiniri 80 fedde e juɓɓule. Yuɓɓini yeewtere ndee ko June Arnold mo ɓiɓɓe rewɓe, Inc., Coletta Reid mo Diana Press, e Charlotte Bunch mo Ɗaɓɓaande : Feminist Quarterly . Reid e Bunch ko wonnooɓe e fedde Furies. Koolol ngol ko seertungol gila e fuɗɗoode, tawtoreede tan ko pelle WIP ɗe ngalaa worɓe gollotooɓe e kala nokku e golle mum en, hay so tawii noon ko seerti e " rewɓe winndere tataɓere gollotooɓe e worɓe e eɓɓooji winndere tataɓere ."

Tuugnorgal

↑ Travis, "The Women in Print Movement," pp. 276-280. Beins, Liberation in Print, p. 7. Harker, The Lesbian South. Travis, "The Women in Print Movement," p. 278. Huisman and van Vught, "Women in Print." Luker, "Women into Print." Murray, Mixed Media, p. 5. Adams, "Built Out of Books."

[1] Travis, "The Women in Print Movement," pp. 276-280. Beins, Liberation in Print, p. 7. Harker, The Lesbian South. Travis, "The Women in Print Movement," p. 278. Huisman and van Vught, "Women in Print." Luker, "Women into Print." Murray, Mixed Media, p. 5. Adams, "Built Out of Books."

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