Marie Byles
| Jinsu | debbum  |
|---|---|
| Ɓii-leydiyankaaku | Osterliya |
| Sooma | Marie Beuzeville Byles |
| Innde | Marie |
| Innde ɓesngu | Byles |
| Ɗuubi daygo | 8 Seeɗto 1900 |
| Ɗoforde | Ashton upon Mersey |
| Date of death | 21 Jolal 1979 |
| Place of death | Cheltenham |
| Father | Cyril Beuzeville Byles |
| Wolde | Inngilisjo |
| Sana'aji | solicitor, lawyer |
| Janngi to | University of Sydney |
| Residence | Cheltenham |
| Diina | Buddhism |
Marie Beuzeville Byles (8 abriil 1900 – 21 noowammbar 1979) ko awokaa Ostarali, koolaaɗo kuuɓal, koolaaɗo rewɓe, koolaaɗo e jaayndiyanke, ko kanko woni awokaa debbo gadano golloowo e nder leydi New South Wales. O woniino tergal asliwal e nder fedde Budisma to New South Wales. O woniino kadi binndoowo dillooji e binndoowo mo wonaa fijirde..[1][2]
Ngendam
[taƴto | taƴto ɗaɗi wiki]Marie Byles e duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Sidney, c. 1921[3]
Mawɗo sukaaɓe tato, Byles jibinaa ko e hitaande 1900[3] to Ashton upon Mersey e nder ko wiyetee Cheshire e oon sahaa, Angalteer, e jibnaaɓe yahruɓe yeeso. Miñiraaɓe makko tokosɓe ko David John Bayles [4] e Baldur Unwin Bayles (1904-1975). Jibnaaɓe makko ko Unitariyankooɓe winndereyankooɓe, sosiyaalist en Fabiyankooɓe e pasifist en. Yumma makko Ida Margaret, jibinaaɗo Unwin,[2] ko suffragette, o janngiino to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde The Slade, haa "baawɗe makko naalankaagal majji e golle galleeji",[6] kadi ko kanko holliti ɓiyiiko debbo wonde ina haani wonde e dow kaalis worɓe. Baaba makko, Cyril Beuzeville Byles, ko injenieer signaal laana njoorndi.[7] To leydi Angalteer o naatni sukaaɓe makko e kampaañuuji ngam haɓaade fenaande haɗnde yimɓe naatde e yah-ngartaaji wellitaare.[4]
Ɓesngu nguu ummiima Ostarali e hitaande 1911 sabu Cyril Byles toɗɗaama mawɗo Innjiniyaaruuji Signal e nder laana njoorndi laamu New South Wales, ngam ƴellitde mbaydi signal ngam ƴellitde laana njoorndi.[3] Ɓe tawi heen nokku ina wiyee Beecroft, e hitaande 1913 ɓe mahi toon galle mo ɓe inniri ‘Chilworth’. Ɓesngu nguu waɗii dumunna dabbunde e maayo, e hitaande 1913 ɓe mahi kadi galle tokooso to Palm Beach, to Sunrise Hill ina fadi fitirla kaa.[5][6]
Byles janngi to duɗal leslesal Beecroft, e to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde rewɓe Presbyterian, Sydney, to Croydon tuggi 1914 haa 1915, e hitaande 1916 e 1917 to duɗal kesal ɗiɗaɓal duɗal ngal to Pymble (anndiraa hannde duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde rewɓe Pymble). O ɓurii, o wonti prefe e dux duɗal ngal e hitaande 1916, o woni hooreejo prefe e dux e hitaande rewtunde ndee.[8] E matricule, o heɓi Exposition to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Sydney.[3]
Byles meeɗaani resde, alaa ɓiɗɗo, o miijii ɗum ko majjere nde sehil makko Dot Butler suɓii dañde ɓiɓɓe, wonaa jokkude e yah-ngartaa koɗki timmuɗo.[7][8]
E hitaande 1932 o naati e fedde wiyeteende The Women's Club, nde sosaa to Sydney e hitaande 1901 ngam rokkude nokku ɗo rewɓe "yiɗɓe golle renndo, karallaagal, ganndal e naalankaagal" mbaawi hawrude.[10]
Byles ko yumma mum mawni ko e ñaamde kosam, e hitaande 1957 o wiyi o meeɗaa ñaamde kosam..[9][10]
Awokaa debbo gadano
Byles ina jeyaa e rewɓe seeɗa janngooɓe to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Sydney. O heɓi bakkaa makko e hitaande 1921 e hitaande 1924 o timmini bakkaa makko e sariya, o woni debbo gadano jaɓde wonde awokaa to New South Wales.[8][12] Hay so tawii Ada Evans heɓiino jaŋde mum to bannge sariya e hitaande 1902, ko huunde nde sariya haɗi debbo waɗde golle sariya e nder leydi Ostarali haa hitaande 1918. Caggal nde o waɗi golle binnditagol duuɓi nay, e hitaande 1929 Byles sosi golle sariya, debbo gadano waɗde ɗum e nder leydi New South Wales.[6]
Byles golliima e golle sariyaaji ɗiɗi – gooto to Eastwood, goɗɗo o to caka Sydney.[8] O rokki sukaaɓe rewɓe fartaŋŋe tawtoreede golle ɗee. 'Business to Eastwood mahi ngam o woodi innde heɓugo kuuje ko yaawi nden ɗum fotaani anndaago nder birooji sariya, o ɗonno anndaa.' (Golloowo, Ruut Milton).[13] O golliima ko ɓuri heewde e conveyancing e probate, e kadi ngam tabitinde jokkondire ceergal laaɓtuɗe wonande kliyaneeɓe rewɓe.[3] O woppi golle, o rokki golle sariya ɗee e gollodiiɗo makko e hitaande 1970.[11]
Jaayndiyanke e haaloowo
[taƴto | taƴto ɗaɗi wiki]Nde o woni almuudo, Byles winndi, yaltini binndanɗe ko faati e sariya, politik, e nokkuuji.[2] Tuggi 1927 haa 1936 o woniino jappeere jaaynde wiyeteende « Mirror » rewɓe Ostarali. O winndi binndanɗe ngam haɓaade rewɓe waylude innde mum en e dewgal, ngam reende jawdi mum en kaalis. Ko o jaayndiyanke sariya o addi hakkille e sariyaaji e golle ñaawirɗe ɗe njiylotonoo rewɓe.[3] O waɗii lectures ngam Dental Leyɗeele Ostarali, o winndi defte ngam Fedde Rewɓe Dentuɗe.[2]
Konservatoor e yahoowo ladde
Ko Marie Byles ƴeewtotoo
Nde o woni suka e nder ñalɗi teskinɗi e nder galle makko to Palm Beach, Byles ina ndaara e teleskop makko e nder Broken Bay haa e nder laddeeji saraaji Coast Central. Nokku oo ina winndaa e karte ko Bouddi, innde aborigine firti ko nofru. Ko nokku kuuraa mo liɗɗi tan njillotoo. E hitaande 1920 Byles e won e sehilaaɓe mum to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde njalti ngam yahde e nder ladde Bouddi haa to Maitland Bay, nde ɓe nganndi e oon sahaa ‘Boat Harbour’, ɗo ɓe ndarni. Nde wonti nokku ɓurɗo yiɗeede e maɓɓe. Fedde yahooɓe ladde tan e oon sahaa ko fedde Mountain Trails nde Myles Dunphy ardii, nde jaɓataa rewɓe.[8] Haa hitaande 1929, woodi ɓesdaari hakkiilo dow fijirle yuɓɓinaaɗe ngam wuro e yimɓe wuro man nden Marie nasti nder Sydney Bush Walkers Club mo duuɓi ɗiɗi. E hitaande 1930, innde hesere wonande Boat Harbor ko proposed e kippu oo; Dorothy Lawry, jom ladde, hollitii "Maitland Bay" caggal laana ndiwoowa ka yani e daande maayo to bannge worgo e hitaande 1889.[14]
E nder duuɓi joy garooji ɗii, e ballal Fedde Sydney Bushwalkers Clubs, Byles waɗii kampaañ mum e nder jaayɗe ngam nokku oo waɗtee e jeyi laamu. Sosde nokku biyeteeɗo Bouddi Natural Park e hitaande 1935 ko huunde maantiniinde wonande reennooɓe adanɓe. Departemaa Leyɗeele ƴetti nokku ɓurɗo mawnude e ko Byles ƴetti.[8] Byles suɓaama hooreejo fedde toppitiinde park oo, e nder duuɓi keewɗi o yuɓɓinii ballal ngam laaɓtinde e jogaade laabi yahdu mum.[8] Lowre dow Bouddi inniraama innde makko;[1] ina heɓee e oto, e laawol The Scenic to Killcare Heights to fuɗnaange nokku njilluuji park ngenndiijo Bouddi.
E hitaande 1939, Byles woni gooto e sosɓe, kanko e sehil makko ɓadiiɗo Paddy Pallin, fedde Bush Club. Ɗum wonnoo ko fedde yah-ngartaa e nder ladde, teeŋtinnde yah-ngartaa ñalnde kala, nde waɗaani jarribooji naatgol tiiɗɗi e terɗe potɗe jeyeede ɗee, kadi nde noddiri mooliiɓe Oropnaaɓe heewɓe ko adii wolde nde, nde wonnoo terɗe.[15][16]
Yiylotoowo
[taƴto | taƴto ɗaɗi wiki]E hitaande 1927–28, Byles dañiino kaalis keewɗo e golle duuɓi nay e nder golle sariya ngam ƴettude hitaande ngam yahde.[3] O ummii ko e laana njoorndi Norwees, ko e oon sahaa o winndi deftere makko lollunde wiyeteende By Cargo Boat and Mountain, yaltunde e hitaande 1931. Caggal ɗuum o dañii sahaa e sahaa fof accude golle makko sariya e juuɗe gollodiiɓe, ngam yahde dow koye makko to Angalteer, Norwees e Kanadaa. E hitaande 1935 o ƴetti Mt Cook to leydi Nuwel Selannde.[8] Caggal nde o tawi yahdu Alaska ina yaaji no feewi,[1] e hitaande 1938 o ardii yahdu mawndu to Mt Sansato, to bannge worgo Siin sara keeri Tibet. Heen sahaaji lannda makko jeegom to Siin, ina heen Dora de Beer e Mick Bowie e Marjorie Edgar-Jones, ina njahda e gardotooɗo konu ngam reende ɗum en e bandiiji. Sabu ŋakkeende weeyo, yahdu nduu waawaano yettaade to dow too, Byles mettini heen no feewi.[8]
Himmugo
[taƴto | taƴto ɗaɗi wiki]Byles wonti yiɗde diine Quaker e nder diine kerecee en, kono o saliima jeyeede heen. E nder dille makko e nder leydi Burma, Siin e Vietnam e hitaande 1938, Byles ina heewi suɓaade jooɗaade e nder cuuɗi dewal, ɗum addani mo jokkondirde e pine e diineeji ɗi ngonaa Oropnaaɓe. Nde o arti, o hesɗitini nafoore makko e janngirɗe Gandhi, o fuɗɗii ƴeewtaade diine Buddha. Arcfo koyngal ɓuuɓngal firti ko o nattii waawde yahde ko juuti walla ƴeeŋtude, o janngi ko fayti e ruuhu e miijo ngam yiytude laabi ngam haɓaade mette makko.[8]
E nder duuɓi garooji ɗii, Byles waɗii hitaande e nder leydi Inndo, haa arti noon e Himalaya, o waɗii yah-ngartaaji tati to Birmaani e yah-ngartaaji ɗiɗi to Japon. E hitaande 1960 o sosi fedde miijo, o noddi yimɓe yiɗɓe diine kala walla hay gooto ngam hawrude e ñalnde aset kikiiɗe ngam janngude karallaagal miijo.[1] E nder nguurndam makko caggal mum o wonti teeŋti e diine Buddha Mahayana e gollal moƴƴal e yurmeende.[1] Gila e ɗeen geɗe o timmini defte nay ko fayti e diine Buddha.[8]
Galle Byles
[taƴto | taƴto ɗaɗi wiki]‘Ahimsa’, galle mo Byles mahi e daande maayo Cheltenham, no wayi e hitaande 2015 nii
Winndannde mawnde: Ahimsa
E hitaande 1938 Byles acci galle mum to Beecroft, o mahi galle makko e dow ladde nde o soodi e hitaande 1935 to daande maayo Cheltenham, sara leydi korona.[17] O inniri ɗum 'Ahimsa' caggal helmere nde Gandhi huutorii nde firti ko "ko aldaa e bonannde". Koɗorɗe nay koyɗe ɗee mahaa ko e fibro e kaaƴe, e veranda mawɗo gonɗo bannge worgo oo, ko ɗoon Byles ɗaaninoo, wuuri ko ɓuri heewde e cuuɗi nder ɗii. Gaagaa galle oo, o yiɗi ko jogaade nokku e leydi makko ɗo pelle kawrata ngam yeewtidde e miijaade. E hitaande 1949, ‘Hut of Happy Omen’ timmaani, feewnaa ko no ɗanngal udditiingal nii, ina waɗi ɓulli e ƴulɓe mawɗe ɗe kaaƴe. O joginoo galle tokooso goɗɗo mahaaɗo sara ‘Ahimsa’ e hitaande 1975, ina wiyee ‘Sentosa’ (konngol ɗemngal Malay firti ko jam e kisal).
E hitaande 1970 Byles wasiyii jawdi mum e fedde wiyeteende The National Trust of Australia (NSW), nde o walli e hitaande 1946 nde o woni awokaa toppitiiɗo ko fayti e doosgal fedde nde.[3]
Maayde e ndonu
[taƴto | taƴto ɗaɗi wiki]Byles maayi ko to 'Ahimsa' e hitaande 1979.[2] E hitaande 1985, Gillian Coote waɗi filmo gooto, A Singular Woman, o huutorii binndi ummoraade e deftere nguurndam makko nde Byles winndi nde yaltinaaka, wondude e ƴeewndorɗe e miijooji sehilaaɓe.[6][18] Binndanɗe makko (1923-1982) ina njuɓɓinee e nder defterdu leydi New South Wales.[19]
Byles Creek sara galle makko ina inniraa e teddungal makko, hono no Byles Place, e nder wuro Canberra, e nder wuro wiyeteengo Chisholm, e nokku ɗo Marie Byles woni ɗoo, e nder wuro wiyeteengo Killcare Heights, to N.S.W.
Golle
[taƴto | taƴto ɗaɗi wiki]E laana njoorndi e koɗorɗe (1931)
Koyɗe Gautama Budda (1957)
Jahgol e nder silsil Burma (1962)
Lotus e taƴre (1963)
Laawol feewde e deeƴre nder (1965)
Laawol kesol feewde e goonga ɓooyɗo, ngol Tenko Nishida e Ittoen Tenko-San mbinndi, ngol Makoto Ohashi firi (naatgol tan, 1971)
Daraade peewnoowo tawa aɗa ŋakkiraa (1978) ko fayti e the teknik Aleksanndere
Heewɓe ina nguuri e nder gooto, binndanɗe nguurndam mum ɗe njaltinaaka[23]
Iwdi: Marie Byles e nder defte (catal WorldCat)
Ƴeew kadi
[taƴto | taƴto ɗaɗi wiki]Dymphna Cusack, sehil makko nguurndam caggal nde ɓe njokkondiri to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Sydney
Rewɓe awokaaji gadani e nder winndere nde