Muteness

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Muteness ko mutism ɗon jiytul bolletal ɓawarde jiytul ndenewal ngal faamarɓe e hurre mawɓe bulwee fere fereje e mutism e baawande anduntugo, yimmɓe walletooɓe ɗaanigo e,layaal kawtal mudiɓɓe e doctor, en e bullete walde pathologist laatiike nauda jatturde jiytul bolletal ɓawarde muteness e waditoɓe yanayiwal e manufaje dellude fere fereje e phenomena e dimma nder physiology e maitul naajarokow medical baawetengo, hemgo, psychological troama e fango yesso ɓesdango neurological e destango motsango physical ɓesdango bullete e destango,diagnosed lass e previously balletowal bullete taa faaro Psy chological[1].[2]

Fuuji walla jaɓɓorgo maa waylitta e sabaabu, ko ɗum taƴii caggal jaɓɓorgal haala.[3] Wonde wootere waawirta warugo wolde. To naa, masin masin masin masinji habaruji ngam walliugo e ɓeydaago.

Koɗol ɓamtaare[taƴto | taƴto ɗaɗi wiki]

Caɗeele ɓamtaare mumen ina waawi ƴettude e ko ɗuuɗɗi. Gooto daliila ɓeydaaki waawaa wonde caɗeele e physiology hawti e wolde, misaalu, hunduko malla ɗemngal. Mutism waawaa wonde sabu apraxia, ko wayi no, caɗeele e jokkondiral ɓalli ɗi hawti e wolwugo. Sabo goɗɗo waawaa wonde haani haani haandi e ɓesngu ɓesngu, misaalu, majjugo wolde ngam ɓalli, ɓalli, koo nyau larynx. Anarthria feere feere feere feere, nder nder nder nder ɗon ɗon ɗon ɗon ɓesda ɓesngu ɓesngu e ɗemngal malla ɓesngu ɗon ɗon ɓesa.[4] [5] [6] [7]

ɓernde ɓernde ngam ɓernde ɓernde waawata waɗugo halkere walla halkere habaru, ɗum noddaama afashiya. Ɓaawol ɓernde walla caɗeele ɓamtaare nokkuure ɓernde je ɗon hawta e haaluwol wolde, nokkuure Broca, waawaa sabaabu ɓernde mum. Ɓaɗol walla ɓalli to nokkuure Broca, ɗo nder ɓernde fuɗnde fuɗnde ɓaawo yaasi, waawi sabaabu ɓernde mum. Wonde ɓeydi ɓeydi waɗugo masin. , woodi ɓesngu ɓesngu ngam daliila ɓesngu e ɓesngu nder ɓesngu fuɗnaaku ɓaawo ɓesngu bana ɓesngu caggal ɗum waɗii.[8] [9] [10]

Sabooji ɓernde[taƴto | taƴto ɗaɗi wiki]

To sukaaɓe ɗon haalaa, nyauɓe ɓernde koo ɓernde, bana ɓernde, ɗon hawta. Sukaaɓe waawaa warugo ngam ɓe ɗon moodi. Moodiwol ngam wolde ɗum haala nde suka ɗon wolwdi tan nder haala feere feere, koo bee yimɓe feere feere, bana yimɓe saare maako. ɗum haani ngam haɗugo nyau man boo ngam anndugo njamɗugo. ngol ɗon ɗon ɓesda, ammaa naa' bana ɗum ɗon ɓesdi bana ɗum ɗon miijo. Mooluki ngam yahugo bana ɗum haani hawtaaki bee sukaajo mo waawataa wolde ngam daliila ɓernde maako. Ɗum ɗon haandi ngam nyauɓe ɓe ɗon ɓesda duuɓi jowi. Ɓiɓɓe fuu ɓe ngalaa hujjaji ɗi nandi.[11] [12] [13]

Moodiɗam ngam moodiɗam footi waɗugo nder haɓɓugo e ɓernde ɓernde autism walla nyau feere. Fuuji feere hakkunde mutism haɓɓuki e ɓeydaaki ɗemngal hawti e autism malla nyauji feere ha yiɗi faamugo nyau man.[14]

ɓe ɗon mari wolde haa ɓaawo ɗon ɓe ɗon mari haala, ɓe ɗon waawataa wolde ngam daliila ɓernde malla ɓernde, koo nde ɗum ɗon ɓesda bana daliila ɓesngu. Walaa haani ha haalaaji ha ɓurna yimɓe mawɓe boo ina waawi wonde e ɓernde ɓernde.

Daliila fuɗɗam e daliila neurological[taƴto | taƴto ɗaɗi wiki]

Bana ɓikkoy ɓe ngalaa haala, ɓe mbaawataa wolwugo bee maɓɓe koo ɓe mbaawata haala. Wondiral hawtaade e ɓeydaade ɗemngal ina waawi waɗde ngam daliila feere-feere.[15][16]

Ɗemngal ngal waawaa wonde e ɓeydaade ɓamtaare feere. Misaalu, sukaaɓe be nyau Down ɗon mari ɓeydaandi habaru e habaru.[17] [18][19]

Sukaaɓe be autism, ɓe ɗon anndina bana nyau ɓamtaare ɓernde nder DSM-V, ɗon holla ɓeydaaki.[20][21]

Kuɗol[taƴto | taƴto ɗaɗi wiki]

Fuuɗuki ɓikkoy be ɓeydaaki ɗemngal ngam anndugo to ɓeydaaku ɗemngal waɗi ngam haala feere. Misaaluji nyauji ɗi ɗon hawta be nyau nyau nyau nyauɓe, nyau nyauɓe nannguki e apraxia. Ɗuum laabi nyau ndu ɗonno haandi nyau ndu. Ɗemngal ngal footi wallitde haala haala, haala jaɓɓugo haala, malla ɗiɗo fuu. Fuuɗuki haandi footi huutoreeɓe artikulaation, fluency (stuttering) e feere haandi haandi haanduki haandi haani. Misaalu, kuugal haalaaji e ɗemngal ina waawi ɓamtude haalaaji haalaaji ngam sukaaɓe ɓe njogii caɗeele fonoloji.[22] [23][24][25]

.Kuugal hawtaade e kuugal ngam yahugo bana bana bana bana ɗum waɗii bana bana bana non, ɗum waɗii ngam ɓeydaade ɗemngal. Misaalu, nyau nyau ndu'e haɓɓii ɗum haɓɓiiɗum e anndal ngal hawti e hawtaade e nder kawtal yimɓe. Caaydango sundbergs e kowngal frame e verbal haaliyyaje baawoɓe wooɗitango waaɗite waatengo modality e kawtalje fere fere de fukaraabe analysis(aba) e baaci faamarɗe e wurtago, bolletal haytaare,[26] [27]

Firo no haani haalaaji ngam haalaaji haalaaji, hawti e jaŋde, e, dow jaŋde ɗum, jaŋde golle, jaŋge ɓalli, e/ko jaŋde haalaaji. Fuuɗugo ngam mutism ngam yiɗugo hawti jaɓugo, jaɓugo e jaɓgol jaɓugo. Kuɗol ngam ɓeydaaki wolde ha mawɓe ɓe ɗon mari wolde haa ɓaawo ɗon hawta hujja ngam heɓugo daliila, hawti e daliilaji hawti e warugo, ha ɓaawo ɗon ɗum haɓɓugo ko haani. Fuuɗugo ina waawi hawtude e jaɓɓugo, walla jaɓɓugo ko'e mum, haa e dow daliila ɓeydaaki wolde.[28][29][30] [31] [32][33]

Jaɓɓorgo Ganndal[taƴto | taƴto ɗaɗi wiki]

Jaɓɓorgo hawti e naftoraade kuuje banaaji, noddinaaɗe haalde e ɓeydaade. Fuuɗuki e haaniwol laawol ɗon jeyaa e baawɗe ɓalli yimɓe e kuuɗe maɓɓe.[34]

Fedde habaru ɓeydi e footi fuɗɗii diga software habaru ngam tablet ngam hokkata habaru habaru haɗi bee tagdi nanki to habaru ha habaru ha nder teknoloji. Misaalu, laawol gootol hawti e huutoreeɗe fotooji ɗi waawi wonde e ɓesngu velcro ngam waɗugo laawol habaru jaɓɓorgo nde warata ko haani annduki ko haani walla ɓesngu motori ngam huutoreeki tablet.[35]

Kuje ɗe ɗon waɗa wolde ɗon walli yimɓe ɓe ɗon mari halluɓe wolde ngam daliila nyauɓe ɗon walli wolde, nyauɓe haalanki ngam walli wolwe, malla kuje ɗe walli wolve. Ɗuum ɓeydi ɓeydaade e laaɓal huutoreede.[36]

Ndaare kadi[taƴto | taƴto ɗaɗi wiki]

  • Aphasia
  • Aphonia
  • Wondirde ɓeydiingo e feere
  • Autism
  • Ɓaaɗe
  • Ɓamtaare ɓamtaare
  • Dysarthria
  • Dyslalia
  • Ɓeydaaki wolde
  • Ɓeydaaki wolde
  • Paresis ɓuɓɓugo

Firooji[taƴto | taƴto ɗaɗi wiki]

  1. ↑ Grippo, J.; Vergel, M. F.; Comar, H.; Grippo, T. (2001). "[Mutism in children]". Revista de Neurología. 32 (3): 244–246. doi:10.33588/rn.3203.2000376. ISSN 0210-0010. PMID 11310279.
  2. ↑ Grippo, J.; Vergel, M. F.; Comar, H.; Grippo, T. (2001). "[Mutism in children]". Revista de Neurología. 32 (3): 244–246. doi:10.33588/rn.3203.2000376. ISSN 0210-0010. PMID 11310279.
  3. ↑ CDC (2019-01-30). "Language and Speech Disorders in Children | CDC". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (in Engeleere). Retrieved 2020-04-10.
  4. ↑ "2 The production of speech sounds". www.personal.rdg.ac.uk. Retrieved 2020-04-11.
  5. ↑ "Childhood apraxia of speech - Symptoms and causes". Mayo Clinic (in Engeleere). Retrieved 2020-04-13.
  6. ↑ "Vocal Cord (Fold) Paralysis". ENT Health (in Engeleere). Retrieved 2020-04-19.
  7. ↑ "Ajánlások mozgáskorlátozott gyermekek, tanulók kompetencia alapú fejlesztéséhez". Dombainé Esztergomi Anna (in Hongariire). Budapest: suliNova Közoktatás-fejlesztési és Pedagógus-továbbképzési Kht. 2006. Archived from the original on 19 February 2014. Retrieved 1 May 2017.
  8. ↑ "Broca area | Definition, Function, & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica (in Engeleere). Retrieved 2020-04-11.
  9. ↑ "Aphasia", The Free Dictionary, retrieved 2020-04-11
  10. ↑ Catsman-Berrevoets, Coriene E.; Aarsen, Feke K. (2010). "The spectrum of neurobehavioural deficits in the Posterior Fossa Syndrome in children after cerebellar tumour surgery". Cortex; A Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior. 46 (7): 933–946. doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2009.10.007. ISSN 1973-8102. PMID 20116053. S2CID 206983595.
  11. ↑ "Selective Mutism: Signs and Symptoms". American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (in Engeleere). Retrieved 2020-04-13.
  12. ↑ Manassis, Katharina (2009). "Silent suffering: understanding and treating children with selective mutism". Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics. 9 (2): 235–243. doi:10.1586/14737175.9.2.235. ISSN 1744-8360. PMID 19210197. S2CID 25263166.
  13. ↑ Bergman, R. Lindsey; Piacentini, John; McCracken, James T. (August 2002). "Prevalence and description of selective mutism in a school-based sample". Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. 41 (8): 938–946. doi:10.1097/00004583-200208000-00012. ISSN 0890-8567. PMID 12162629. S2CID 20947226.
  14. ↑ Steffenburg, Hanna; Steffenburg, Suzanne; Gillberg, Christopher; Billstedt, Eva (2018-05-07). "Children with autism spectrum disorders and selective mutism". Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment. 14: 1163–1169. doi:10.2147/NDT.S154966. ISSN 1176-6328. PMC 5944454. PMID 29765220.
  15. ↑ CDC (2019-01-30). "Language and Speech Disorders in Children | CDC". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (in Engeleere). Retrieved 2020-04-19.
  16. ↑ "Speech and Communication Disorders". medlineplus.gov. Retrieved 2020-04-20.
  17. ↑ Marrus, Natasha; Hall, Lacey (2017). "Intellectual Disability and Language Disorder". Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America. 26 (3): 539–554. doi:10.1016/j.chc.2017.03.001. ISSN 1056-4993. PMC 5801738. PMID 28577608.
  18. ↑ Martin, Gary E.; Klusek, Jessica; Estigarribia, Bruno; Roberts, Joanne E. (2009). "Language Characteristics of Individuals with Down Syndrome". Topics in Language Disorders. 29 (2): 112–132. doi:10.1097/tld.0b013e3181a71fe1. ISSN 0271-8294. PMC 2860304. PMID 20428477.
  19. ↑ "Speech and Language Resources | National Down Syndrome Congress" (in Engeleere). Retrieved 2020-04-19.
  20. ↑ Volkers, Nancy (2018). "Untangling the Language Challenges of Autism". The ASHA Leader (in Engeleere). 22 (4): 54–59. doi:10.1044/leader.FTR2.22042017.54.
  21. ↑ "Autism Spectrum Disorder: Communication Problems in Children". NIDCD (in Engeleere). 2015-08-18. Retrieved 2020-04-19.
  22. ↑ McLaughlin, M. R. (May 2011). "Speech and Language delay in children". American Family Physician. American Association of Family Physicians. 83 (10): 1183–1188. PMID 21568252.
  23. ↑ "Oral Motor Institute". oralmotorinstitute.org. Retrieved 2020-04-13.
  24. ↑ "Why Act Early if You're Concerned about Development?". CDC.gov (in Engeleere). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2019-12-09. Retrieved 2020-04-17.
  25. ↑ Roberts, Megan; Kaiser, Ann (2015-03-02). "Early Intervention for Toddlers With Language Delays: A Randomized Controlled Trial". Pediatrics. 135 (4): 686–693. doi:10.1542/peds.2014-2134. PMC 4379460. PMID 25733749.
  26. ↑ Lei, Jiedi; Ventola, Pamela (2017-06-20). "Pivotal response treatment for autism spectrum disorder: current perspectives". Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment. 13: 1613–1626. doi:10.2147/NDT.S120710. ISSN 1176-6328. PMC 5488784. PMID 28790824.
  27. ↑ "Verbal Behavior Therapy". Autism Speaks (in Engeleere). Retrieved 2020-04-20.
  28. ↑ Caspari, Sue (2018). "Treatment Approaches for Children with Childhood Apraxia of Speech (CAS)" (PDF). apraxia-kids.org.
  29. ↑ "Childhood apraxia of speech - Symptoms and causes". mayoclinic.org (in Engeleere). Mayo Clinic. Retrieved 2020-04-13.
  30. ↑ "Speech-Language Therapy (for Parents)". kidshealth.org. Nemours KidsHealth. Retrieved 2020-04-20.
  31. ↑ "Selective mutism". nhs.uk (in Engeleere). 2017-10-19. Retrieved 2020-04-20.
  32. ↑ Lincoln, Tania M.; Riehle, Marcel; Pillny, Matthias; Helbig-Lang, Sylvia; Fladung, Anne-Katharina; Hartmann-Riemer, Matthias; Kaiser, Stefan (2017-12-05). "Using Functional Analysis as a Framework to Guide Individualized Treatment for Negative Symptoms". Frontiers in Psychology. 8: 2108. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2017.02108. ISSN 1664-1078. PMC 5723417. PMID 29259567.
  33. ↑ Template:Cite encyclopedia
  34. ↑ "Families need guidance before buying a communication app for autism". Spectrum | Autism Research News (in Engeleere). 2019-04-23. Retrieved 2020-04-14.
  35. ↑ "Communication aids for disabled children - Living made easy". www.livingmadeeasy.org.uk. Retrieved 2020-04-14.
  36. ↑ "ALS Augmentative Communication Program | Speech-Generating Devices | Boston Children's Hospital". www.childrenshospital.org. Retrieved 2020-04-20.
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