Nazira Zain al-Din

ɓii aadama
Jinsu	debbum
Ɓii-leydiyankaaku	Liban, Suriya
Sooma	نظيرة سعيد زين الدين
Ɗuubi daygo	1908
Ɗoforde	Constantinople
Date of death	1976
Place of death	Beirut
Wolde	Arabic
Sana'aji	writer, poet
Janngi to	American University of Beirut
Diina	Diina Lislaama

Nazira Zayin al-Diin (Zayin al-Diin kadi firti ko Zeineddine, Zain kadi winndi Zayn) (1908–1976) ko ganndo Libannaajo Druze.[1][2] O ñiŋii pinal aarabeeɓe sabu ko o wiyi ko golle mum "degradante". O ƴami "veil hoore haa koyɗe" aadaaji ɗi rewɓe juulɓe ɓoornotonoo e oon sahaa e seerndude ɓeen rewɓe.[3][4]

Nguurndam e jaŋde puɗɗagol

Nazira Zain al-Din ko ɓiy Sheek Saeed Zainal Din, ñaawoowo to Ñaawirde Toownde Liban, ganndo hakkille diine Lislaam.[3] Nde o woni ko ɓuri heewde e nguurndam makko ko to Ayn Qani, to leydi Liban, o jibinaa ko to Istanbul ɗo baaba makko joginoo posto e oon sahaa.[2] Sabu ko o woni e aduna hakkilantaagal, baaba makko ina wallita mo e golle jaŋde, o neldi mo to duɗal katolik Farayse to leydi Liban.[3] Nazira e miñi mum debbo Munira ngoni sukaaɓe rewɓe Druze en adanɓe heɓde naatde e duɗal St Joseph de l’Apparition e duɗal Sisters of Nazareth, duɗe katolik Farayse ɗe ɓe njanngi ngam jaŋde maɓɓe leslesre.[2] Gaa gaa ndee jaŋde katolik Farayse, baaba mum al-Din ina teskaa kadi wonde o janngii no feewi e Lislaam. O anndiino no feewi Qur’aana, Hadiis, e Sharia (sarɗi lislaam), ɗiin fof ina njogii darnde tiiɗnde e binndol makko.[5] O waawii kadi janngude e yeewtidde e annduɓe lislaam (Ulamaaji) ceertuɓe e nder nguurndam makko. Heewɓe e ɓeeɗoo annduɓe ko sehilaaɓe moƴƴuɓe e baaba makko, ɓe ngonnoo ko e galle maɓɓe no feewi.[1] Nde o woni suka debbo Nadira Zain al-Din ina joginoo pinal no feewi, haa teeŋti noon e ko fayti e lislaam.

Caggal nde o heɓi bak makko to duɗal Sisters of Nazareth Convent, al-Din yiɗiino jokkude jaŋde safaara to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde St. Ko heddii koo, o haɗaama naatde sabu ko o debbo. O felliti yahde to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Lycée Français Laique, duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Farayse ɗo o heɓi ɗoo seedantaagal makko, hay so tawii ko almudɓe worɓe Farayse fof.[2] Caggal nde o heɓi bak makko to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Lycée Français Laique, o felliti waasde yahde jaŋde toownde woɗnde, ko ɗoon al-Din waawi fuɗɗaade golle makko binndol.[2]

Golle binndol

O winndi deftere makko ɗiɗmere, wiyeteende La jeune femme et les Shaiks e darorɗe hitaande ndee. Ndee deftere yi’etee ko e deftere jaabawuuli toowzi e 6amtaare nde o he6i e renndo aarabeeɓe ko fayti e Unveiling e Veiling.[6] Debbo oo e Sheeks en ina etoo yeewtidde e hujjaaji ɗi ñaawooɓe ɓee mbaɗi ko fayti e goonga e nuunɗal Unveiling and Veiling. E nder maggal, Al-Din wiyi wonde o winndii deftere makko adannde ndee "alaa sehil walla ballal so wonaa binndi e tinndi, defte e kaayitaaji".[1] Ɗum ko ngam jaabaade hujjaaji ɗi Unveiling and Veiling waɗi ko fenaande, ina wallita e golle misiyoŋaaji Kerecee’en. O siftinii kadi hoore makko wonde “juulɗo laaɓɗo goonga” binndoowo tan ko e ko “Alla jom baawɗe” yiɗi, hay so tawii noon ko o Druze, fedde etnoreligious nde golle mum njiyataa ko juulɓe ko ɓuri heewde.[1]

Golle

Udditgol e suuɗde: Jeewte e miijooji ko faati e ndimaagu rewɓe e hesɗitinde renndo e nder winndere aarabeeɓe (Al-Sufur wal hijab) 1928[1].

Suka debbo e sheikaaji (Al-faatah wa al-shuyyukh) 1928[1].

Batte e ndonu

Hay so tawii o huutoriima hujjaaji ummoraade e binndi ceniiɗi ceertuɗi, defte al-Din ɗee ngaddi jiiɓru mawndu e nder renndo juulɓe diineeji. Golle makko ina kaɗaa e juuɗe ardiiɓe diineeji juulɓe heewɓe, kadi terɗe renndo juulɓe ina mbiya yo ɓe cood, ɓe njeeya. Al-Din kadi ko heewɓe e ɓeeɗoo diineeji lislaam tuumanoo ko fenaande e ateyism.[6] Hay so tawii ko heewi e luulndo ngoo, Al-Din ina jokki e ballal pelle juulɓe seeɗa, heen gootal ko jaaynde wiyeteende Egyptian Women’s magazine ganndiraaɗo. Ndee fedde wallitii ko Al-Din wiynoo ko fayti e hakkeeji rewɓe juulɓe, nde yaltini heen geɗe deftere makko adannde e ɗemɗe keewɗe.[7]

Golle Al-Din ina cikka ko jaabawol potngol huutoreede ngam suɗaade rewɓe Fuɗnaange hakkundeejo e ooɗoo sahaa. E nder galle makko to Liban e nder nokkuuji keewɗi goɗɗi to Fuɗnaange hakkundeejo, rewɓe njaɓataa yaltude galle tawa ɓe ndarnaaki yeeso. Ɗum waɗi ko e sahaa nde rewɓe ɓee e koye mum en keɓata hakke ɓoornaade wutteeji ngam hollirde koye mum en diine mum en.[6] E nder kitaale 1920, ngool ɓuuɓri "hoore-to-koye" yiytaa ko no ɓuuɓri e seertude nii, "ina ummii e logic jeyi worɓe e objektifikaasiyoŋ debbo"[6] Jaabawol Al-Din e ndeeɗoo haala renndo addi batte keewɗe dow renndo juulɓe. O jeyaa ko e rewɓe artuɓe huutoraade Quraan e binndanɗe goɗɗe ceniɗe ngam naamnaade miijooji ɗi cikkatnoo ko e mum en ummorii. Golle makko ɗiɗi ɗee fof ina naamnoo ko fayti e goonga firooji misogynistic ɗi Quraan e Hadiis fof. Nattii tuugnaade e ɗeen firooji, o wiyi terɗe renndo juulɓe ɓee nde kuutortoo ko hakkille e njuɓɓudi neɗɗo gooto ngam seerndude ko yi’etee ko ina wona moraal, e ko wonaa ɗum.[3]

Nguurndam caggal

O dañii caɗeele haa jooni e luulndaare ko ɓuri heewde e juulɓe e banndiraaɓe makko Druze en e ñiŋooje makko ɗe Hirnaange ƴetti e pinal aarabeeɓe. Ko o tergal e fedde toownde, o woppi binndol caggal ko ina wona duuɓi joy, o jooɗii e jom suudu makko e ɓiɓɓe makko worɓe tato to galle maɓɓe mawɗo to Baaqline, leydi Liban.[2] O sankii ko e hitaande 1976 tawi omo yahra e duuɓi 68.[2] Ko seeɗa tan anndaa e nguurndam al-Din e nder duuɓi capanɗe caggal binndol makko e diatribes makko e pinal aarabeeɓe.

Jokkondire yaajɗe

Golle ɗe Nazira Zaynul Diin (Zeineddine) waɗi e ko fayti e mum.

Taariik nazira zain al din (zeineddine).

Tuugnorgal

^ Juppude haa: a b c d e f Badran, Margot (2004). Udditgol dame, Ɗemngal ɗiɗaɓal: Antoloji binndol rewɓe aarabeeɓe (2 ed.). Bloomington: Duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Indiana.

^ Juppude haa: a b c d e f g Kuuk, Mariyam (2010). Nazira Zeineddine: Ardiiɗo rewɓe lislaam. Londres, Angalteer: Jaayɗe Oneworld.

^ Juppude haa: a b c d Kassab, Elisabet (2013). Miijo aarabeeɓe hannde: Ƴeewndo pinal e nder mbaydi nannditiindi. New York: Duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Columbia.

↑ Khan, Arif (25 sulyee 2010). "Nazira ko debbo naamnitooɗo aadaaji" (winndannde jaaynde). www.alet-gardiiɗo.com. Gardiiɗo Alet. Ƴeewtaa ko ñalnde 22 suwee 2014.

^ Hartman, Michel (Winter 2013). "Nazira Zeineddine: Ardiiɗo rewɓe lislaam Miriam Cooke (ƴeewndo)". Jaaynde ganndal rewɓe Fuɗnaange hakkundeejo. 9 (1): 133-136. Doi:10.2979/jannde fuɗnaange.9.1.133. JSTOR 10.2979/jaŋde hakkunde fuɗnaange.9.1.133. S2CID 141943470. Pdf.

^ Juppude haa: a b c d Wayne, Tiffany (2011). Binndi rewɓe gila e jamaanu ɓooyɗo haa e aduna hannde: Deftere ƴoogirde e daartol aduna. Westport: Fedde muulngo Greenwood.

^ Keddii, Nikki (2012). Rewɓe Fuɗnaange hakkundeejo: ko adii e ko jooni. Princeton: Duɗal jaaɓi-haaɗtirde Princeton.