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Nigerian Pidgin

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Nigerian Pidgin
pidgin, language, modern language
Subclass ofEnglish-based creole languages Taƴto
Lesdinkeejumpidgin Taƴto
LesdiNaajeeriya Taƴto
Indigenous toNaajeeriya Taƴto
Writing systemLatin script Taƴto
Ethnologue language status3 Wider Communication Taƴto
Described at URLhttps://apics-online.info/contributions/17 Taƴto

Pidgin Naajeeriya, anndiraaɗo kadi Naijá e nder ganndal, ko ɗemngal kreyol gonngal e Engele, kaaleteengal e nder Naajeeriya kala. Ɗemngal ngal ina wiyee sahaa e sahaa fof Pijin walla Vernacular. Ina waawi haaleede no pidgin, kreyol, dialect walla acrolect decreolised e haalooɓe ceertuɓe, ɓe mbaawi waylude hakkunde ɗeen ɗoon mbaydiiji fawaade e ngonka renndo.[1] E kitaale 2010, binndol kuuɓtodinngol feewnaama ngam Pidgin ngol ina heɓa heen geɗe keewɗe ngam rokkude ɗemngal ngal binndol gonngol.[2]

Feereeji ko ndee winndannde inniri "Pidgin Nigeria" ina haalee kadi e nder Afrik hirnaange e hakkundeejo, e nder leyɗeele ko wayi no Benin, Gana, e Kamerun.[3]

Jonde Pidgin Naajeeriya ina heewi huutoreede e nder leydi ndii fof, kono ɗum rokkaaka darnde laamu. Pidgin ina taƴa jokkondiral hakkunde leƴƴi ceertuɗi, ina haalee no feewi e nder leydi Najeriya fof.[4]

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E hitaande 2011, Google yaltinii lowre njiylawu e ɗemngal Pidgin.[7] E hitaande 2017, BBC fuɗɗii BBC News Pidgin ngam waɗde golle e ɗemngal Pidgin.[5]

Ceertugol Heewɓe e leƴƴi 250 walla ko ɓuri ɗum e nder leydi Najeriya ina mbaawi yeewtidde e ɗemngal ngal, hay so tawii noon haalooɓe heewɓe maa kuutoro kelme ummoraade e ɗemɗe mum en. Bana sappinol:

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Yorùbá ṣebi (ina wiyee 'sheh-bi') ina heewi huutoreede e fuɗɗoode walla e joofnirde konngol walla naamnal : "Aɗa ara, walla wonaa?" wonta Ṣebi a dey wara?[citation ina haani]. Yorùbá abi (feere woɗnde e kelme ṣebi e ba) Igbo unu, nannduɗo e helmere Engeleere "on yimɓe", jaɓaama e una. Yeru, Una dey mad e ɗemngal Pidgin Najeriya firti ko "Onon yimɓe on njiɗaa."[9] Unu heɓi laawol mum kadi e patois Jamayka e Sranantongo (Kreyol Suriname) e maanaa gooto e ɗemngal Pidgin Najeriya. Igbo biko, maanaa "eɗen ñaagii." Yeru, konngol Biko free me ngol firti ko "Etoo accude mi". Igbo oga nannduɗo e helmere Engele "mawɗo am walla jannginoowo am", ƴettaa ko e helmere Igbo ogaranya Hausa ba e joofnirde konngol walla naamnal : a no wan arde, ba? firti ko "A yiɗaa arde, walla alaa?" Purtugeec sabi e fuɗɗoode walla hakkunde konngol ngam firtude: ‘’anndude’’. Bana sappinol; ‘’ko waɗi a no go sabi gorko oo?’’ firti ko ‘’Hol no mbaawirtaa wiyde a anndaa gorko oo?’’ Pidgin Naajeeriya kadi ina seerti e nokku e nokku. Ɗemɗe Pidgin Naajeeriya ina mbaawi wonde ɗemngal Sapele-Warri-Ughelli ngal ɓuri waawde huutoreede e nokkuuji mawɗi e nder leydi Najeriya, ɗemngal Benin City ngal jogii batte mum gila e ɗemngal Bini, ɗemngal Port Harcourt ngal jogii geɗe leƴƴi jillondirɗi e nder diiwaan Rivers, Lagos (haa teeŋti noon to Ajegunle ɗo yimɓe Delta Niiseer heewɓe ngoni heen); e mbaydiiji Onitsha ɗi keɓata semmbe e ɗemngal Igbo.[6]

Pidgin Naajeeriya ɓuri haaleede ko e nder leydi Niger Delta ɗo ko ɓuri heewde e yimɓe mum ina kaala ɗemngal mum en gadanal.[10] Won nate kollitooje wonde pidgin ina haalee e nder leydi Nijeer koloñaal hade mum jaɓeede e nder leyɗeele goɗɗe e nder geec Hirnaange Afrik.[7]

So tawii Pidgin ina haalee e yimɓe heewɓe, ina woodi nokkuuji keewɗi e nder leydi Naajeeriya ɗo Pidgin haalaaka walla faamaaka, haa teeŋti noon e nder ɓe ngalaa jaŋde diine e nder nokkuuji core worgo — Diiwaan Gombe, Diiwaan Yobe — leydi Naajeeriya.[citation needed]

Jokkondiral e ɗemɗe e ɗemɗe goɗɗe Nanndugol e kreyol Kariibi Pidgin Naajeeriya, e ɗemɗe pidgin e kreyol ceertuɗe ɗe Afrik hirnaange, ina nanndi e ɗemɗe kreyol ceertuɗe gonɗe e Engele tawaaɗe e nder Kariibi. Ɗemɗe[hono?] mbiyata ko ɗum waɗi ko ɓuri heewde e maccuɓe naatnaaɓe e Aduna Keso oo ko iwdi Afrik hirnaange. Haalaaji e mbaydiiji ina keewi seertude no feewi, teeŋti noon e mbaydi mbaylaandi no feewi hakkunde ɗemɗe Afrik tawaaɗe e nder Inndo, kono so tawii ko ɗemɗe kreyol Kariibi ɓuri heewde ko nanndi e... ɗemɗe kreyol Afrik hirnaange.[8] Heɓde konnguɗi ruttotooɗi e ɗemngal kreyol Kariibi ko wayi no su-su (gossip) e pyaa-pyaa (ñawɗo) ina hollita woodgol konnguɗi ɗii e ɗemɗe Afrik hirnaange ko wayi no bam-bam, ɗum firti ko "timmuɗo" e ɗemngal Yoruba. Konnguɗi limtaaɗi ina tawee kadi e ɗemngal Pidgin Naajeeriya, ko wayi no koro-koro maanaa "yiyngo laaɓngo", yama-yama maanaa "ɓurɗo", e doti-doti maanaa "ɓuuɓri".

Yanti heen, huutoraade kelme iwdi Afrik hirnaange e ɗemngal kreyol Suriname (Sranan Tongo) e ɗemngal Patois Jamayka, ko wayi no unu e ɗemngal Bajan wunna walla una – Pidgin Afrik hirnaange (maanaa "on yimɓe", konngol ummoriingol e helmere Igbo unu walla unuwa kadi firti ko "on yimɓe"), hollirta won e nanndugol teskinngol hakkunde pidgin e kreyol Engele Afrik hirnaange e pidgin e kreyol Engele Kariibi, hono no woodde kelme e konnguɗi nannduɗi e ɗemɗe on banngeeji ɗiɗi ɗii fof e Atlantik, ko wayi no Me a go tell dem (miɗo yaha mi haalana ɓe) e waɗde en (yo en).

Copula deh walla dey ina tawee e ɗemngal Kariibi e ɗemngal Engele Pidgin Nijeer. Konngol We deyKadi, pikin walla "pickaninny" ummorii ko e kelme purtugeec pequeno e pequenino, firti ko "cukalel tokosel" e "cukalel tokosel".[9]

Engele Naajeeriya No ngonka kreyol Kariibi nii, Pidgin Najeriya ɓuri huutoreede ko e jeewte ɗe ngonaa laamuyankooje. Pidgin Naajeeriya alaa darnde wonde ɗemngal laawɗungal. Engeleere Naajeeriya ina huutoree e nder politik, jaŋde, ganndal, e jaayndeeji.[10]To leydi Najeriya, ɗemngal Engele ina heɓee e jaŋde toownde.[11] No Engele jokkondiri e ɗemɗe keewɗe ceertuɗe e nder leydi Najeriya, Engele Naajeeriya ɓeydiima no feewi, kadi ina heewi wiyeede ko dental sub-varieties ceertuɗi.[16] Hay so tawii alaa sifaa laaɓtuɗo e ɗemngal Engele Naajeeriya, annduɓe ɓee ina kawri wonde Engele Naajeeriya ko ɗemngal Engele anndiraangal, keewngal[12]

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Fonoloji Pidgin Naajeeriya, bana pidgin e kreyol ɗuuɗɗum, woodi fonoloji ɓurduɗi hoyɗugo dow ɗemngal superstrate. Ina waɗi alkule 23, alkule jeeɗiɗi, e tonngooɗe ɗiɗi.[13]

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Konnguɗi Alveolaar Labial Post- alveolaar Palatal Velaar Labial-velaar Glotal Nofru m n ŋ Plosif p b t d k ɡ kp ɡb Afrikaat tʃ dʒ Tappu r Frikatiif f v s z ʃ h Ko ɓadii l j w Wowel Yeeso Caggal Uddu i u Toowɗo-hakkunde e o Lowre-hakkunde ɛ ɔ Uddit a Toonuuji Pidgin Najeriya siforaama no ɗemngal tonal, jogiingal tonngoode toownde e tonngoode lesre. Toon toowɗo ina waawi winndeede e aksan ɓuuɓɗo, toon lesɗo oo, hay so tawii noon ko heewi ko heddoraaki maande, ina waawi winndeede e aksan ɓuuɓɗo[14] Yanti heen, kelme toowɗe monosyllabic ina mbayloo e tonngoode toownde fadnde hade mum joofde.[15]

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Konngol Pidgin (tones marquées completement) Pattern ton Engele Maanaa /bàbá/ LH baaba /bábà/ HL ko almuudo katolik en /fadá/ HH baaba /fàdá/ LH 'baaba' katolik Roma. /sìsí/ LH suka debbo golloowo /sísì/ HL jeegom (5 kobo) Kono noon, ɗumɗoo ina luurdi e annduɓe ɗemɗe caggal ɗuum, sabu ceertugol tonngoode to bannge leksemeeji, haa teeŋti noon e naamne.[16] Gooto e miijooji luulndiiɗi ɗii ko wonde Pidgin Najeriya "ko huunde e ɗemngal pitch-accent ngal, so rokkaama konngol ina waawi wonde tan ko tonngoode wootere toownde, walla jokkondire goote e nder mum tawa ina luurdi e jokkondire leslese"; dowdrift ina seedtini e nder njuɓɓudi tonngoode.[17]

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Ko ɓuri heewde e binndi binndaaɗi e ɗemngal Pidgin Najeriya hollirtaa hay maande tonngoode, kadi hollirtaa hay ceertugol toɓɓere lexical.[20]

  1. ↑ Ofulue, Christine I.; Esizimetor, David O. "GUIDE TO STANDARD NAIJÁ ORTHOGRAPHY. An NLA Harmonized Writing System for Common Naijá Publications". IFRA-Nigeria - French Institute for Research in Africa. Archived from the original on 2023-01-01. Retrieved 2017-02-06.
  2. ↑ Esizimetor, D. O. (2009). What Orthography for Naijá? Paper delivered at the Conference on Naijá organised by the Institut Français de Recherche en Afrique (IFRA), July 07–10, 2009, University of Ibadan Conference Centre.
  3. ↑ Fitimi, Prince; Ojitobome, Afinotan. "The Effect of the Nigerian Pidgin English on the Academic Performance of University Students in Nigeria. Acase Study of National Open University of Nigeria Students in Benin Study Centre". Academia.edu (in Engeleere). Archived from the original on 2022-05-13. Retrieved 2021-02-09.
  4. ↑ Goglia, Francesco (2010). "Nigerian Pidgin English". Language Contact Manchester (in Engeleere). Archived from the original on 2018-08-01. Retrieved 2018-07-17.
  5. ↑ Gharib, Malaka (20 November 2018). "Why Prince Charles Said 'God Don Butta My Bread!' In Nigeria". NPR. Archived from the original on 27 February 2023. Retrieved 27 February 2023.
  6. ↑ "MANIAC | meaning in the Cambridge English Dictionary". back.carthousa.tk. Archived from the original on 2021-05-21. Retrieved 2021-05-21.
  7. ↑ Frances Ayenbi, Oti (2014-06-01). "Language regression in Nigeria". Éducation et sociétés plurilingues (in Engeleere) (36): 51–64. doi:10.4000/esp.136. ISSN 1127-266X. Archived from the original on 2021-12-27. Retrieved 2021-12-27.
  8. ↑ Igboanusi, Herbert (February 2008). "Empowering Nigerian Pidgin: a challenge for status planning?". World Englishes (in Engeleere). 27 (1): 68–82. doi:10.1111/j.1467-971X.2008.00536.x. ISSN 0883-2919. Retrieved 12 June 2022.
  9. ↑ Template:Britannica
  10. ↑ Emmaolu, Akinsanya. "THE EFFECT OF THE" (in Engeleere). Archived from the original on 2022-05-13. Retrieved 2021-12-27.
  11. ↑ Emmaolu, Akinsanya. "THE EFFECT OF THE" (in Engeleere). Archived from the original on 2022-05-13. Retrieved 2021-12-27.
  12. ↑ Emmaolu, Akinsanya. "THE EFFECT OF THE" (in Engeleere). Archived from the original on 2022-05-13. Retrieved 2021-12-27.
  13. ↑ "Pidgin english origin - english pidgins include nigerian pidgin". meisten-verliebt.com (in Finnish). Archived from the original on 2021-05-21. Retrieved 2021-05-21.
  14. ↑ Florence Agbo, Ogechi; Plag, Ingo (2020-12-11). "The Relationship of Nigerian English and Nigerian Pidgin in Nigeria: Evidence from Copula Constructions in Ice-Nigeria". Journal of Language Contact. 13 (2): 351–388. doi:10.1163/19552629-bja10023. ISSN 1877-1491. S2CID 226299218. Archived from the original on 2021-01-29. Retrieved 2021-11-30.
  15. ↑ Florence Agbo, Ogechi; Plag, Ingo (2020-12-11). "The Relationship of Nigerian English and Nigerian Pidgin in Nigeria: Evidence from Copula Constructions in Ice-Nigeria". Journal of Language Contact. 13 (2): 351–388. doi:10.1163/19552629-bja10023. ISSN 1877-1491. S2CID 226299218. Archived from the original on 2021-01-29. Retrieved 2021-11-30.
  16. ↑ Florence Agbo, Ogechi; Plag, Ingo (2020-12-11). "The Relationship of Nigerian English and Nigerian Pidgin in Nigeria: Evidence from Copula Constructions in Ice-Nigeria". Journal of Language Contact. 13 (2): 351–388. doi:10.1163/19552629-bja10023. ISSN 1877-1491. S2CID 226299218. Archived from the original on 2021-01-29. Retrieved 2021-11-30.
  17. ↑ Florence Agbo, Ogechi; Plag, Ingo (2020-12-11). "The Relationship of Nigerian English and Nigerian Pidgin in Nigeria: Evidence from Copula Constructions in Ice-Nigeria". Journal of Language Contact. 13 (2): 351–388. doi:10.1163/19552629-bja10023. ISSN 1877-1491. S2CID 226299218. Archived from the original on 2021-01-29. Retrieved 2021-11-30.
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