Jump to content

Peter Freyer

Iwde to Wikipedia
E hitaande 1902, o wonti ƴeewtotooɗo e seppooji to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Durham e tuggi 1904 haa 1909 o woni tergal e fedde safrooɓe teddunde to opitaal ofiseeji laamɗo Edward VII. Caggal ɗuum o toɗɗaa ko o doktoor konsulteer to opitaal konu laamɗo debbo biyeteeɗo Alexandra, to Millbank, to Londres
Peter Freyer
ɓii aadama
Jinsugorko Taƴto
Ɓii-leydiyankaakuUnited Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland Taƴto
InndePeter Taƴto
Innde ɓesnguFreyer Taƴto
Ɗuubi daygo1851 Taƴto
ƊofordeGalway Taƴto
Date of death9 Siilto 1921 Taƴto
WoldeCzech Taƴto
Sana'ajisurgeon, military personnel, physician, university teacher Taƴto
Nominated forNobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine Taƴto
 

Peter Freyer KCB (yalnde didi 2 lewru sulyee hiitande dubi alif 1851 – 9 suwee 1921) ko cafroowo Irlande, ganndo ko faati e seppooji gonɗi e nder reedu, ɓurɗo anndeede e fuɗɗoode ko ofisee sarwiis safaara Inndo (IMS), sabu waɗde feere no yimɓe fof njiyrata kaaƴe ɓuuɓɗe ngam newnude ɗum en ngam yaltineede e nder laabi tago, ko ɗum feere anndiraande litholapaxy. Caggal nde o woppi golle e nder IMS caggal duuɓi 20 golle to leydi Inndo, o arti Angalteer, o huutorii feere ngam safrude mborosaaji mawɗi bonɗi. Ɗumɗoo noon ina anndiranoo prostatektomi suprapubic, woni prostatektomi transvesical walla operation Freyer, ɗo prostate oo ittaa e nder reedu dow ƴiyal pubic kono les umbilicus e rewrude e ɓuuɓri, ina jeyaa heen huutoraade ɓuuɓri suprapubic caggal nde opereeji ɗii mbaɗi.

O naati e nder sarwiis safaara Bengal ko o surgeon e hitaande 1875, o golliima ko famɗi fof e golle siwil e nder diiwanuuji Fuɗnaange-rewo e Oudh e nder diiwanuuji dentuɗi Indiya. Nde o woni to Moradabad e hitaande 1888, o waɗii golle e dow Muhammadu Mushtaq Ali Khan, Nawab Rampur, o ɓuuɓni hayre ɓuuɓnde makko e litotriit. Freyer ina daranii njoɓdi ndi o heɓi e juuɗe Nawab, ndi addani ɗum luural e sosngo Angalteer to Inndo e oon sahaa. Ɗuum e ñawu gite ngu o heɓi nde o gollotoo e safrirde siwil to Benares, addani Freyer ƴettude pension ko yaawi, o arti Angalteer e hitaande 1896.

To leydi Angalteer o sosi nokku keeriiɗo to Harley Street, o toɗɗaa o woni cafroowo konsulteer e nder seppooji terɗe ƴiiƴam to opitaal St Peter ngam kaaƴe, to Londres. O adii waɗde feere « prostatectomie suprapubique » e hitaande 1900, e dow gorko mo ndeen wuuri duuɓi 12. Hay so tawii Freyer wonaa gadiiɗo naatde e ngalɗoo gollal, hay so tawii o wiyi ko ɗuum addani mo luural ɗiɗaɓal maantinngal e nder nguurndam makko, o jeyaa ko e anndinde ngal. E hitaande 1920, o suɓaama hooreejo gadano taƴre urologie to Royal Society of Medicine e nder konngol makko hooreejo leydi, o wiyi o waɗii 1 674 e ɗeen golle tawi maayde ina famɗi.

Departemaa Seppooji, NUI Galway, ina yuɓɓina hitaande kala yeewtere Sir Peter Freyer e Simposium Seppooji ngam teddinde mo, e defterdu James Hardiman to NUI ina jogii fotde 660 geɗe ciftorteeɗe makko.

Nguurndam e jaŋde puɗɗagol Peter Johnson Freyer, inniraa ko mawniiko baaba mum, gardinooɗo konu leydi Irlande, jibinaa ko to diiwaan Galway ñalnde 2 sulyee 1851, ɓiy mawɗo jom leydi Samuel Freyer e debbo mum Celia Burke, gardinooɗo katolik Roma.[1]Freyer e banndiraaɓe mum noon, ɓe mawni ko e Protestan en, ina gasa tawa ko batte batte Missionss Egliis Irlande (ICM) e yimɓe nokku oo e oon sahaa.[2][3] Ñalnde 26 lewru juko e ndeen hitaande, o lootaa e nder jumaa parroisse Ballinakill. E hitaande 1855, baaba makko, gonnooɗo jom suudu Sir Christopher Lighton, gardinooɗo ICM, ina joginoo 17 ektaar leydi to Moorneen e jeyi e leydi to Knockbrack, ɗiin ɗiɗi fof ina tawee to Clifden. Duuɓi 21 caggal ɗuum, e hitaande 1876, nde doggol jogiiɓe ko ɓuri ektaar gooto waɗaa, o winnditaama wonde omo jogii 210 ektaar.[2]

Freyer janngi ko to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Erasmus Smith, to Galway, o heɓi bursi[4] ngam yahde to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Queen (jooni ko NUI Galway). O heɓi bak makko e hitaande 1872 e medal kaŋŋe e dipolomaaji tedduɗi e nder fannuuji naalankaagal.[5] Duuɓi ɗiɗi caggal ɗuum, e hitaande 1874, o heɓi MD e M.Ch. nde o heɓi medal kaŋŋe goɗɗo.[5][6] Nde o woni janngoowo safaara o waɗii kadi sahaaji e nder almuudo jooɗiiɗo to opitaal Dr Steevens to Dublin. Caggal nde o gollodii e Pari ko juuti, o arti ngam jooɗaade e ƴeewndo potngo waɗeede e nder sarwiis safaara leydi Indiya.

Sarwiis safaara leydi Indiya

Safaara kaaƴe e nder ƴiiƴam ko litholapaxy[3]. Naatgol e nder sarwiis safaara Bengal Freyer arii ko adii e ƴeewndo potngo waɗeede ngam heɓde komisiyoŋ ko ofisee safrooɓe e nder sarwiis safrooɓe Bengal, caggal ɗuum wonti e nder IMS. Naatde e golle ɗee ko cafroowo ñalnde 30 suwee 1875, o wonti cafroowo siwil to Azamgarh e lewru abriil 1877. O fuɗɗii yaltinde binndanɗe makko safaara e nder jaaynde wiyeteende The Indian Medical Gazette e hitaande 1878.[4] Caggal ɗuum, o wonti surgeon-major e surgeon lieutenant-colonel caggal duuɓi 12 e 20 golle, o woppi golle ñalnde 3 mee 1896. O golliima ko famɗi fof e golle siwil e nder diiwanuuji Fuɗnaange-rewo e Oudh e nder diiwanuuji Dentuɗi Inndo, ɗo o joginoo ndeen seppooji siwil jokkondirɗi e Moradabad, Bareilly, Allahabad, Mussoorie e Benares, kadi o woniino seppooji juutɗi e nder gollordu Lietnaa-Guwerneer.[5]

Luural ngal to leydi Indiya E nder sahaa makko to leydi Indiya, o wonti tedduɗo e nder seppooji katarakt[ e seppooji ittude kaaƴe ƴiiƴam, litholapaxy.[6] E hitaande 1888,[11] nde o woni to Moradabad, Freyer waɗii golle e dow Nawab Rampur, Muhammadu Mushtaq Ali Khan,</ref> Two years later, in 1874, he earned his MD and M.Ch. having won another gold medal.[7] o ɓuuɓni hayre ɓuuɓnde makko e litotriit.[8] E nder mbaydi servi makko Darndeeji goɗɗi E hitaande 1902, o wonti ƴeewtotooɗo e seppooji to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Durham e tuggi 1904 haa 1909 o woni tergal e fedde safrooɓe teddunde to opitaal ofiseeji laamɗo Edward VII. Caggal ɗuum o toɗɗaa ko o doktoor konsulteer to opitaal konu laamɗo debbo biyeteeɗo Alexandra, to Millbank, to Londres. E hitaande 1904, o rokkaama njeenaari Arnott ngam golle makko ceertuɗe.

Hare adunaare adannde Nde wolde adunaare adannde fuɗɗii e hitaande 1914, Freyer arti e golle mum e nder safrirde konu laamɗo debbo biyeteeɗo Alexandria, ngam wonde safrirde Inndo to Angalteer, e nder komannda fuɗnaange e nder kuuɓal.[9]

O heɓi CB ñalnde 1 lewru Yarkomaa 1917 e KCB lebbi jeegom caggal ɗuum ñalnde 4 lewru Yarkomaa 1917.

Hakkunde 10 abriil 1918 e 10 abriil 1919, o wonii kolonel ko juuti e nder Royal Army Medical Corps e nde o woppi golle makko o artiraa e kolonel timmuɗo tedduɗo e doggol retireede.

E lewru oktoobar 1919, o heɓi doktoraa tedduɗo to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde leydi Irlande.

Caggal ɗuum golle Caggal wolde nde e anndinde urologie no feewi, Freyer e duuɓi 69, suɓaama hooreejo gadano fedde urologie RSM e hitaande 1920, nde hooreejo RSM woni Sir Humphry Rolleston.

Konngol makko hooreejo leydi ngol hollitii golle ɗe o waɗi e nder urologie e nder duuɓi 45 jawtuɗi ɗii, o yaakorii ko taƴre ndee addanta ɗum jokkondire golle e nder fannu urologie. Freyer lomtii hitaande rewtunde ndee ko Lord Horder,e taƴre ndee jokki e batuuji e konngol hooreejo mum hitaande kala.

Neɗɗo e ɓesngu Freyer resi ko Isabelle McVittie, ɓiy Robert McVittie mo Dublin, ɓe ndañi ɓiɗɗo gorko gooto, biyeteeɗo Dermot Johnston e ɓiɗɗo debbo gooto, biyeteeɗo Kathleen Mary. E hitaande 1914, Isabel maayi.

Freyer yiytaa ko « laamɗo leydi tiiɗɗo », e kaayitaaji baɗaaɗi to NUI, Galway, ina kollita wonde o wonnoo ko sehil e banndiraaɓe Redmond, William e John, ɓe o gollodii e lewru marse 1918. John caggal ɗuum maayi caggal e nder golle. O wonnoo kadi ko sehil T P O'Connor, tergal parlemaa ngenndiyanke Irlande.

Maayde e ndonu Freyer maayi ko e ƴiiƴam ɓalndu[18] to 27 Harley St., to Londres, ñalnde 9 suwee 1921, tawi ina yahra e duuɓi 70.[5] O wirnaa ko sara baaba makko to yanaande Egliis Irlande to Clifden, to diiwaan Galway.

Natal Freyer, ngal Alice Grant waɗi e hitaande 1919, ina fawii e suudu sarɗiiji to opitaal St Peter ngam kaaƴe.[10] Subsequently, he became a surgeon-major and surgeon lieutenant-colonel after 12 and 20 years' service respectively and retired from service on 3 May 1896. He served almost exclusively in civil employment in the North-Western Provinces and Oudh in the United Provinces of India, where he then held the civil surgeoncies successively of Moradabad, Bareilly, Allahabad, Mussoorie and Benares, and was also for a short time surgeon on the staff of the Lieutenant-Governor.[11]

Harold Ellis siftinii caggal mum wonde laawol Freyer ngol ina heddii e yiɗeede ko juuti, o siftini wonde e hitaande 1948, nde o woni cafroowo galle, o wallitii e ko heewi e ɗeen golle.

[12]

The controversy in India

[taƴto | taƴto ɗaɗi wiki]

During his time in India, he became reputable in cataract surgery[13] and the operation of removing bladder stones, litholapaxy.<ref>

Hitaande kala, koolol ciftorgol Sir Peter Freyer e yeewtere seerndinde, nde porfeseer O’Beirn sosi e hitaande 1975, ko Departemaa Seppooji, NUI Galway yuɓɓinta ɗum.[14] Jannginooɓe ɓennuɓe ina njeyaa heen : Peter Froggatt e hitaande 1984, Thomas E. Starzl e hitaande 1985, Mutsuo Sugiura e hitaande 1987, Bernard Fisher (ganndo) e hitaande 1988, Norman Stanley Williams e hitaande 1989, Geoffrey J Duncan Chishol19 Kelly e hitaande 2001, Ara Darzi e hitaande 2002, Steven D. Wexner e hitaande 2006, Peter T. Scardino e hitaande 2006 e Patrik Gullane e hitaande 2009.[15]

Nate Freyer laaɓtuɗe ina ndokkee e nder deftere C. P. MacLoughlin "Gila Sellerna haa laawol Harley".[30]

E hitaande 1980, Departemaa Opereeji to NUI Galway heɓi kaayitaaji Freyer keertiiɗi e ciimtol mum e juuɗe taaniraaɓe makko. Caggal ɗuum, e hitaande 2002, defterdu James Hardiman to NUI heɓi ɗe, jooni ina jogii fotde 660 geɗe baɗɗe ɓataakeeji makko, taƴe jaayndeeji, binndanɗe laamu, fotooje, ciftorɗe e binndanɗe. Geɗe goɗɗe kadi ɓeydaama heen.[16]

Koolol Freyer to suudu safrirdu Galway inniraa ko e teddungal makko.[17] crushing his bladder stone with a lithotrite.[18]

Binndanɗe cuɓaaɗe Binndanɗe "E dow kuutorɗe potɗe huutoreede e golle Litholapaxy". Jaaynde safaara leydi Indiya. Vol. 21, limre 1 (lewru Yarkomaa 1886), h. 1-7. PMID 28999493 "Maandeeji kaaƴe e nder ƴiiƴam". Jaaynde safaara leydi Indiya. Vol. 35, limngal 1 (lewru Yarkomaa 1900), pp. 14-15. PMID 29003274 "Lecture clinique dow ittude prostate ngam safrude mawnugol oon tergal: e caɗeele nay baɗɗe faayiida: waɗaama to duɗal jaaɓi haaɗtirde Medical Graduates, London, ñalnde 26 lewru juko". Jaaynde safaara Angalteer. Vol. 2, Tonngoode 2116 (20 sulyee 1901), pp. 125-9. Doi:10.1136/bmj.2.2116.125 "Enucleation total de la prostate: Serie goɗɗo e 550 ñawu nguu". Jaaynde safaara Angalteer. Vol. 1, limre 3031 (1 feebariyee 1919), h. 121-124. PMID 20769349 jokkorgal:10.1136/bmj.1.3031.121 "Haala hooreejo leydi: Yahrugol yeeso jamaanu e nder seppooji urinaire". Koolol fedde laamɗo safaara. Taƴre Urologie. Vol. 14 (27 mee 1921), p. 1-11. PMID 19982053 Defte Lectures cliniques sur les maladies chirurgicales de l’organes urinaires. Wiliyam Wood & Sosiyetee, New York (1909). Tuugnorgal

Goddar, Yonaton; Dinneen, Mikael D (Seeɗto 2020). "Sir Peter Freyer: gorko dokkuɗo aduna oo ɓuuɓri". Trends e nder Cellal Worɓe. 11 (5): 29-32. waɗde:10,1002/tre.770. S2CID 221850437.
Binndanɗe Sir Piyeer Freyer. Hitaande 1805-1987. NUI Galway. Fahin
  1. ↑ Goddard, Jonathon; Dinneen, Michael D (September 2020). "Sir Peter Freyer: the man who gave the world prostatectomy". Trends in Men's Health. 11 (5): 29–32. doi:10.1002/tre.770. S2CID 221850437.
  2. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Frey'sPapers
  3. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Frey'sPapers2
  4. ↑ "Sir Peter Freyer Memorial Lecture & Surgical Symposium". Sir Peter Freyer Surgical Symposium (in Engeleere). Retrieved 31 October 2019.
  5. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Frey'sPapers3
  6. ↑ "Books & Articles on People in Urology: Sir Peter Freyer". www.baus.org.uk. British Association of Urological Surgeons. 18 April 2019.
  7. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named :FreyerObit1921
  8. ↑ Campbell, Fergus (2009). The Irish Establishment 1879-1914 (in Engeleere). Oxford University Press. p. 78. ISBN 9780199233229.
  9. ↑ Sir Peter Freyer's Papers. 1805-1987. NUI Galway. Reference code P57.
  10. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named :BAUS2
  11. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Frey'sPapers5
  12. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named :FreyerObit19212
  13. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Frey'sPapers6
  14. ↑ Ellis, Harold. "The Birth of Modern Surgery" in A History of Surgery. Greenwich Medical Media Limited, London (2001), p. 121-122. Template:Isbn
  15. ↑ Crawford, Dirom Grey; London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (1914). A history of the Indian Medical Service, 1600-1913. London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine Library & Archives Service. London : Thacker. p. 180.
  16. ↑ Goddard, J. C. Sir Peter Freyer". Urology News. Vol, 16, No. 4 (May/June 2012), p. 24.
  17. ↑ Fitzpatrick, Kieran. Tense Networks: Exploring medical professionalization, career making and practice in an age of global empire, through the lives and careers of Irish surgeons in the Indian Medical Service, c. 1850- 1920. Thesis for Doctor of Philosophy in the Faculty of History at the University of Oxford. St John’s College, University of Oxford (2016)
  18. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named :FreyerObit19213
Ittaa ko to "https://ff.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peter_Freyer&oldid=112037"