Teza (filim)

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Teza (Amharic: ጤዛ Teeza, "Dew") ko fijirde fijirde leydi Etiopii ko e hitaande 2008 e nder duuɓi 140 e dow wakkati Derg nder leydi Etiophiya.[1] [2]Teza heɓii ko ɓuri heewde nder jaaynde 2009 Pan African Film and Television Festival of Ouagadougou. [1] [3] ngal waɗi Haile Gerima.

Kootol[taƴto | taƴto ɗaɗi wiki]

Fim ngal ɗon jokkondira haala mawɗo, Anbeber - mo ɗonno ɗonno anndude masin nder laboratoore, mo ɗonno warugo to wuro maako nder lesdi Etiopia ɓaawo warugo diga wakkati fu, nder wakkati maajum o jooɗii nder lesdi Germany e laamorgo lesdi Etiopia.[1] Haala ngol walaa ko haani. O fuɗɗii bee haala ɓurɗo ɓaawo bee ɓaawo dow dow fotooji limmoowo mo ɗon ɗon ɗon ɗon wi'a ko o ɓornii nder limmooji ɓurɗi ɓorugo e gorko mo ɗon maaroo masin dow suudu ndun. Won kadi foto ɓiyum ɗon waŋgina wakkati ɗuɗɗum nder nder nder film man; ɗum laatoto laaɓɗum ɓaawo nder film man ɓiyum ɗum ɓiyum woni hallucination. Mawɗo diina ɗon umri goɗɗo mo o ummo. Nden woodi foto wuro bee nokkuure mawnde ɗon holla. Won limanjo mo ɗon seeda bee harpa nder lesdi haa daande go'o, ɗon ɗon ɗon ndaara wurtaange naange. Debbo mawɗo (jo ɓaawo ɗum holli ɗum maama Anberber) ɗon jooɗi to yiite nder suudu cembiɗam nder cembiɗal, e ɗon wondude to yaaki duumi ɗon holla warugo.

Ɗum 1990 nden Anberber wurtini gariiri maako marɗo nder gariiri man ɗon yaasi diga gariiri man. Maami maako e deerɗiraawo maako ɗon njaɓamo. Ammaa o nandi bee ɓerɗe e ɓerɗe. Yimɓe ɓeydi ɓeydi e ɓeydi limce ɗon ndaara ngam ɓe kawta. Yimɓe ɗuuɗi e ɓeydaaki boo ɓe ɗon waɗa jamma ngam jaɓugo Anberber. O ɗon haɓɓana bee ƴamɗe ƴamɓe booɗɗe, ammaa o ɗon ndaara ɓe bee ɓerɗe. Wakkati ɓurɗi ɓaawo, juulɓe ɗon njogii ngam ɓe ɗaɓɓita goɗɗo ngam haɓugo ngam laamu lesdi. Woni ɓiyɓe ɓiyɓe woɓɓe ɗon maaro nder jamma ngam ɓe maaro.

To naange wurti, woodi bayla ɓurɗo yi'ugo maayo Tana e canoojo ɗon ɓuwa ɓadi dow dow. Anberber ɗon umma ɗon ɗon ɗon ɗon ɗowta. Bana non yimɓe fuu ɗon kawta yeeso suudu maako ngam ɓe ndaara mo. Anberber ɗon mari potol, ammaa o ɗon anndina o walaa hakkiilo o maayi koyngal maako. Caggal nde o tokki inna maako - mo ɗon yaha nder diina ngam o yetti ngam o wardi - Anberber ɗon hooti nder diina bee sapatooji (ɗum ɗum halki nder aada Ortodoks Etiopiyanko'en). Yimɓe fuu ɓe ɗon ɓeyda bee ɓeydaaki ngam o ɓeyda boobooji maako. Ammaa, o ɗon ɓeyda ngam hollude ɓiyum ngam o ɗon ɗaɓɓita ko ɓe mbi'i mo. Haa jooni, yimɓe gariiri ɗon njaɓɓa Anberber ɗon mari ruumiiji kalluɗi - ko foti ngam ɓe njahi lesdi feere, nder lesdi feere. Anberber ɗon tokki "ndema" maako dow suka to sari'a diga laamu Mussolini, wakkati haɓuki Itali. Anberber ɗon ɗon yejjita baaba maako mo maayi bee haɓugo bee Italiyanko'en. Ɗe woodi feere nde naange wurta e feere feere nde laabi Tana booɗɗum. Fuuɗol ɗon ƴetti diga lesdi ngam sukaaɓe ɗon ɗon ɗon njogge haa jaŋde. Jannginoowo gariiri oo wari to janngirde e dow baasikol. Darnde fuɗɗii e sukaaɓe ɓe ɗon ɗaɓɓa yimre leydi.

Suka mo ɗon huwoo nder lamnde ɗon hawta nder konu, so'i so'aɓe ɗon ɗaɓɓita. Maami maako ɗon ɓeyda. Anberber ɗaɓɓiti semmbinugo mo. Anberber ɗon hawta bee no kuuɗe wayliti nder gariiri maako. O ɗon ƴamugo daliila janngugo sukaaɓe ɓeen to ɓe ɗon ɗaɓɓa konu e maayde tan. Ammaa jannginoowo ɗon haɓɓa ɓernde Anberber ngam o holli semmbe jaango, ɓurɗum nder wakkatiji ɗi'i.

Anberber ɗon ummitoo ɗon ɗon ɗon ɗon ɗowta, ɓaawo ɗon ɗon ɗon hoola. O yahi haa maayo Tana ngam o ɗon ndaara dow dow. O holli no ko'e maako waɗi wakkati o ɓiydi. Ammaa jooni, o meeɗaa anndugo to o ɗon wondi nder duuɓi ɗi o ɗon haalde. Yimɓe gariiri ndin ɗon ngaddana mo nyauɓe ngam o walli ngam ɓe nani o doktoor. Ammaa o ɗon ɗon ɗon ɗon ɓeyda bee ɓeydaare bana fuɗɗam film.

Anberber ɗon wolwugo bee ko o ɗon haalaa haa ɗon haade e haawo maako. O ɓeydi hulugo e hulugo ngam maako. Famee maako ɗon waɗi anniya o yaadi nder ndiyamji ceniiɗi ngam o ɗon hoola ko'e maako. Anberber ɗon haɓɓa ɓe, ammaa o wi'a limanjo on ɗon waɗa kuuɗe ngam hakkilanta maako ɗon maɓɓita. Mawɗo diina on wi'i, fay fay fayde laaɓal ley leyɗe hirnaange fotaaki to nyauɗo on hoolaaki nder hujja maako. Nde ndiyamji ceniiɗi ɗon ɗami dow maako, o ɗon siftora ngam arandeeji maako.

Ɗum 1970 nden Anberber mawɗo ɗon jooɗoto nder lesdi Germany bana jannginoowo jaaynde. Nder juulde, o hawti e Cassandra - debbo mo ɓaleejo, mo ɗon ceede Etiopiyankooɓe ngam ɓe ngalaa yiɗde woore e rewɓe ɓaleejo. O tokkii e mo o wi'i o yiɗi mo. O ɗon wi'a hoore maako mo sosialis, kuuɗe maako ngam anndal ɗon ɓamta ngam yiɗugo halkugo marɓe nder lesdi maako. Haa jooni, worɓe jaɓɓaɓe habaruɓe ɓe ɗon haɓɓa bee laamu ɓe ngari nder gariiri bee pufuki. Ɓe ɗon tori yimɓe ɓe mbi'a ɓe dow haala maɓɓe je ɗon mari nder laamu ngu. Yimɓe gariiri ɗon hulna ngam ɓe mbi'a koo ɗume. Nde ɓeydaaki ɓaawo fuɗɗam duuɓi 1970s, Anberber ɗon hawta ha kawtal politik mo janngooɓe Ethiopia socialiste, ɓe fuu ɗon janngina nder lesdi Germany. Haa jooni, o ɗon ndaara yimɓe ɗo'o ɓe ɗon haɓɓa ngam hisnaaki to ɓe ƴami mo bolle siyasa. Ɓaawo, o hawri e yimɓe ɓe ɗon haɓɓa ngam kisndam bee laamu komiinisma ɗon ɗon ɗon ɗon hawtano wakkati maajum; ɗi ɗiɗo fuu ɗon wi'a ɓe ɗon hawtana yimɓe, ammaa nguurndam yimɓe ɗon wayla.

Jannginoowo gariiri ɗon yaara Anberber haa nder cembiɗal to ɓiyɓe gariiri fuu ɗon ɓoyma ngam ɓe mbaawaay yaajugo. Nder nyalnde feere, sooji'en ɗon anndina dow sukaajo mo ɗon wari diga nder duule. Ɓe ɗon tokki mo ɓe ɗon maayi yeeso yimɓe gariiri. Anberber ɗaɓɓiti halkugo ɓe, ammaa o heɓataa. To Anberber, gorko mo ɓe mbari ɗon ɓesda bee hallucination maako dow suka. O wi'i mammo so so'iɓe ɓe mbari ɓiyum e nder nder nder nder ɓiyum.

Anberber ɗon hoola haa ɗon ɗon ɗon ɗon hoola masin, ɗon ɗon ɗon ɓeyda nder nder nder nder ɗon ɗon ɗon haalana mo. Cassandra woni nowde Anberber. Teri maako ɓurɗo ɓeydaago - Tesfaye - e debbo maako Jarmanko'en ɓaleere anndini ɓe ɗon maayi. Cassandra ɗon ɓeyda. Ɓaawo ɗum holli wonde baaba maako boo kameruunaajo o woodi ɓiɗɗo bee debbo Jamanaaku. Baaba maako boo dowla Jarmal ɓe njaɓiri. Maami maako ɗon haɓɓa bee ɓernde ɓernde ɓaawo o maayi hoore maako. Cassandra fuɗɗii ɓeydaade, naa' tan e no ɓe njogii, amma e no ɓe nganndi e ko ɓe nganndaa. O ɗon hulna Tesfaye naa' o ɓeyda ngam mawnugo ɓiɗɗo maako boo. Haa jooni, Anberber ɗon yi'a Azanu ɗon ɓilla nder maayo Tana. O debbo mo ɓe cujidani mo, de inna maako hoɗake mo. Fim ngal ina ƴeewta hakkunde rewɓe ɗiɗo ɓe'e ɗuuɗɗe. Ɗuum ɓiraawo Anberber ɗaɓɓiti ɓaŋgugo Azanu. O ɗon toro ngam wallude. To yimɓe ngari, ɓe fuu ɓe ɗon foti mo, naa ɓiraawo - ɗum woni, yimɓe fuu sey Anberber, mo ɗon ɓeyda ngam maako.

Nder duuɓi 1970s, nder kawtal janngooɓe feere, go'oto nder nder kawtal ngal ɗon ɗon ɗon numi go'oto debbo ngam o jaɓan kuuɗe laamu ngam no debbo ɗon ɓornii. Hannde Anberber ɗon holla dow ɓernde maako nder sukaaɓe bee kuugal socialist haani-imperiyaal bana laawol mayre ngam hawtuki caɗeele Ethiopia. Haa jooni, worɓe gariiri ɗon ɓe ɗon haɓɓii Anberber ngam ɓe ɗaɓɓa debbo mo ɓe ɗon mari duuɓi sappo e ɗiɗi ngam ɓe ɗon hulɓina o ɗon yiɗugo Azanu, debbo mo ɓe ɓe ɗon ceede. Anberber ɗon hawta bee sujum maɓɓe.

Ɗum woni hitaande 1974 e jannginooɓe Ethiopia ɓe kawri nder bar ngam ɓe mawnina nde Emperor Haile Selassie laatii. Yimɓe White Germans mawɓe haa fuɗɗiɓe boo ɓe ɗon kawta bee maɓɓe ngam gooto nder laamiiɓe ɓurɓe anndude nder taarihaa ɓe laami. Sukaaɓe Etiopiyanko'en fuɗɗi anndugo miijo warugo lesdi maɓɓe ngam huuwa ngam yimɓe. Cassandra ɗon ɗon ɗon ɗon maayi, ammaa o wi'aayi Anberber, ngam o ɗon hulɓina ngam o ɓaŋgti ɓiɗɗo maako. Nde yimɓe goɗɗi ɗon mawnina saɗugo laamu, Anberber ɗon ɓeyda ɓeyda, ɗon wondude ko moye waaway fulugo laamu ɓeydaaki e dow laamu ɓeydiingo boo.

Tesfaye waɗi sikkeye o dilli ɓiɗɗo maako to Jarmal to o huuwa to laamu komunista keso. Anberber ɗon haalaa Tesfaye ngam o acci ɓiɗɗo maako, o ɗon wi'a anndal Cassandra. Tesfaye boo o jaɓii ngam hollaago ɓernde Cassandra to Anberber. Cassandra ɓaawo ɗon o ɗon maayi ngam o ɗon tabiti Anberber boo ɗon duumi nder lesdi Germany wakkati masin. Haa jooni, Azanu ɗon werra dow heɓugo yiide boo nder wakkati o ɗon canoo nder maayo Tana. Anberber e Azanu ɓe ɗon mari yiide maɓɓe.

Anberber naati nder suudu maako ngam o yi'a bandiraawo maako ɗon ɗaɓɓita kuufol maako, ɗon heewi defte. Ɗuum ɓiyum ɗon ɓeyda nder Anberber ngam o wurtinaay saare maako daga saɗki, koo nde o janngini. O wi'i ɓe mbaawa nyaama defte.

Ko jooni 1980s Anberber kadi kadi fuɗɗii to Addis Ababa bana mo jogiiɗo PhD. O hawti e so'aɓe ɓe ɗon ɗon ɗon haɓɓo nder nokkuure nduu nder lesdi Etiopia. Anberber yiɗi warugo to wuro maako ngam yahugo maama maako, ammaa o wi'i haala nder lesdi ɗon ɓeyda ngam yahuugo e o yiɗi bana nyauɗo. Ko haani fuu, Tesfaye e Anberber ɗon ma'a be tammunde ngam koo ɗume ɓe mbaawata waɗugo ngam yimɓe Ethiopia. Amma wakkati ɗon ɓeyda, ɗiɗo ɗon ɓeydi haɓa bee yimɓe laamu, ɓe ɗon ceede ɓe ngam ɓe ɗon wondi marɓe faamuɓe ɓe ɗon tokkaaki habaru.

Anberber ɗon yi'a haɓɓugo konu ngam arande e ɗon hulana dow dow laaɓɗum ɓernde nde laati bana bana bana bana ɗum haɓɓii nder laamu jooni. O e bandiraaɓe maako ɗon mbi'a dow no ɓe njooɗoto nder cuuɗi ɓeydaaki ɗi laamu nguu haɓaama yimɓe ngam ɓe ceede ceede. Ngam maajum, ɓe anndi ko woni paradoji ngam ɓe ɗonno haa fuɗɗam fuɗɗam, ɓe ɗonno boo ɓe ɗonno ngam ɓe ɗonna nder ɓeydaari ɗi sistem ɓuuɓuɗo hokkiɓe.

Nden gooto nder ardiiɓe Anberber, mo wurtini Ethiopia wakkati feere e maako, o maayi yeeso Anberber ngam go'o nder kuugal politik mo hawti e laamu. Haa wakkati maajum Anberber ɗon ɗaɓɓa yaaki hoore maako daga siyasa. Ammaa, ɗum waɗi yimɓe ɓe ɗon ɓeyda ɓeyda masin ngam ɓe ɗon numi o ɗon nuɗɗinki o ɓurii ɓe. Go'o nyalnde, yimɓe ɓe ɗon yiɗi o jaɓɓina dow ko ɓe waɗi ngam ɓe mbi'a ɗum haalaaji. O wi'i ɓe o mari doktoor, naa doktoor. Demmba ɗon ƴiwo diga neɗɗo mo ɓe mbari ɗon ɓadake nder ɓandu nder suudu Anberber, ɗon ɗon ɓadita mo jemma fuu. Nder nyalnde feere, Anberber ɗon ɓeyda masin dow yimɓe ngam ɓe ɗon kuuwa kuugal ngam ɓe ɗon yahda to kawtal waylital. O ɗon humpita ngam o ɗon wonde gooduɗo laamu e mo ɗon haɓɓa bee maɓɓol. O ɗon haɓana ngam jaɓugo ko o wi'etee nden o ɗon haɓana waɗugo kuuɗe komiinisma ngam anndugo hoore maako. O ɓeydi e mo nafata mo.

Tesfaye holli o ɗon yiɗi warugo to Ethiopia caggal nde o wurtina ngam yahugo golle to Germany. O ɗon hawta ngam o walaa baawɗe waɗugo waylaaku goɗɗum nder haala siyasa jooni. O yiɗi ɓaawo maajum o jooɗoto e wallude ɓiyum mo o acci duuɓi ɓaawo maajum. Ammaa gaɗa o waawi warugo, yimɓe ɓe o jaɓan ɓe ɓeydi fuɗɗiima ɓeydaade mo, ɓe mbari mo haa maayde. Ɓe ɗon wara ngam Anberber, ammaa o ɗon hiito. Anberber ɗon nder ɗon ɗon hawrama to Almaami ngam Tesfaye. Nder ɗon, o ɗon ɗaɓɓa ngam o hawta bee yimɓe Etiopiya'en ɗon njooɗi ɗon. Ɓe ɗon ngi'a o huuwani bana tawon ngam laamu Ethiopia, ngam non ɓe mbaawaay goonɗinki mo. Bana non, ɓe ɗon njara mo ngam ɓe ɗon ɗaana nguurndam maɓɓe nder lesdi Europe ɓurɗum booɗum. Nde o hawti e ɓii Tesfaye e debbo maako. Ɓiɗɗo maako ɗon haɓana bee ɓernde ɓernde ɓerɗe maako, jooni nde o ɓeydi ɓeydiingo. O ɗon ɗon ɗon ɗon haani baaba maako ngam o anndaa ko o waɗi ngam hakkillo. O ɗon yiɗi baaba maako masin haa Anberber waawataa wi'ugo ɓe dow mayde Tesfaye. Haa sakkiti Anberber ɗon mari hakkiilo ngam hokkata habaru ɓernde, ammaa ngam o waawataa warugo bee maɓɓe, ɓe ɗon maaki mo bee yimɓe lesdi Germany, ɓe ɗon wurtina mo diga nder tagaaje. O ɗon njogii masin e o maayi koyngal maako.

Haa jamanu, to o yi'i go'oto nder ɓe ɓe ɓe njaɓani nder suudu waraaɓe ɗon wara diga yeeso, o andira o waawataa seɗɗa o seerna koo o faamataa ko waɗi to o ɗon. Ammaa, o waawaaay jooɗugo tan ngam o ɗonno ngam ɓeydude laaɓuki; ɗum ɓurɗum ɓurnugo ngam o huuwa ummaatoore ngam ko o mari. O walli limce woonde so'aani'en. Nden, yimɓe gariiri ɗon haalana mo ɓalndu mo jannginoowo. Ɓe ɗon anndina mo mo jannginoowo'en ɗon maayi, ɓe suɓii mo ngam o laato mo jannginoowo keso nder gariiri ndin.

Azanu ɗon ɗon ɗon ɗon maayi. Hande nden, Anberber anndini ɗum (ji taway no Cassandra ɗon mari ɓandu) e ɗon ɓeyda. Ammaa to o ɗaɓɓi hakkilanaago dow ɓernde maako, wolde nder hoore maako ɓeydi ɓurnugo. E wakkatiiji, "laamu" - ko o yi'i diga ɓaawo ɗon nder nder nder nder ndotooji maako - laaɓii. Ɗo woodi suudu ɓooyma. O woodi boɗɗi ɗuuɗɗi ɗi ɗon ɓeyda ɓeydaaki. Anberber ɗon ɓeyda e ɗaɓɓugo hawtaade bee kawral ɓeydaaku ngal o jeyi nder defte maako. Ammaa fuu ɗum meere ngam ndiyam ɓaŋge ɓaŋgetee mo. Mawɗo diina ɗon maɓɓina anberber haala ndu. Ko'e ɓaleere ngam ɓaleere ɗon marki lesdi. Ko'e ɓikkoy boo ɗon marde yimɓe ɗi maayi bana ɓale. Ɗuum ɓeydaaki ko hawti e caɗeele ɓeydaande nder diiwaan ndin ɗe ngalaa laaɓugo. Mawɗo diina on ɗon ma'ana Anberber heɓii janngirde maako meere ngam waɗugo waylitol ngol o yiɗi yi'ugo nder lesdi maako.

Woni haalde radio e worɓe haɓɓitugo haɓɓitol ngol ɗon haɓɓita nder nder radioji lesdi feere. Yimɓe ɗon ɗon njaɓɓa wonde ɗi ɗon haani socialism ɓurɗum laaɓugo ha haani laamu ngu.

Nde Azanu ɗon haɓɓana ngam danyugo, Anberber ɗon haɓɓita kuugal maako keso bana jannginoowo gariiri. O ɓeydi o mari hakkilantaaku ngam huuwugo, o heɓa ɓernde belɗum nder ekkitingo suka'en no ɓe njototo bee moto. Ha fuɗɗam fim, Azanu maayi ɓiɗɗo to fuɗɗam hitaande, bana nde ɓe ɗon werna yimbe hitaande kese nden fuɗnaade fuɗnaare ɓaleere hitaande kese. Fim ngal timmi e tammunde ngam ɓesngu kesu, mo taƴan ɓaawo laamuji ɓooyi e waɗugo ɓeydaaki leydi ndii.[2]

Fuuɗuki[taƴto | taƴto ɗaɗi wiki]

E wi'ugo darnde, Haile Gerima, mo ɗon je'a marɗo nder nder nder nder e mawɗo nder nder, Teza waɗi duuɓi 14 ngam waɗugo.   [koodi haani] Ɗuum winndannde fuɗɗii waylaade nder duuɓi ɗii, ɓeydi e ɓeydi, ɓeydaaki e nder nder nderji e nderji. Teza' timming, musamman Germany shooting gotta go'o masin masin ngam daliila daliila daliilu ceede, waato timmingol 3 week shooting ha 10 days.   ['<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2009)">citation needed</span>]">citation needed] Ha ha ha ha ha haa ha ha ha, ha ha ha. [Njiɗol ko haani] 

A cikin wani yanayi na musamman, ƴan wasan kwaikwayo Aaron Arefayne (Anberber) da Abeye Tedla (Tesfaye) suna fuskantar kotun Markisanci, sun nutsu sosai cikin ɗabi'a har Arefayne ya fashe magudanar jini a idonsa na dama wanda hakan ya haifar da tsayawa. Daraktan ya aika da ’yan wasan gida su huta, washegari idon Arefayne ya lullube da fim din jini. [abubuwan da ake buƙata] Jadawalin samarwa ba zai ƙyale ƙarin hutu ba kuma dole ne darektan ya ci gaba da harbi. Akwai wasu kalubale, wasu almara, wasu na ban dariya. Gabaɗaya, daraktan, ƴan wasan kwaikwayo da ƴan wasan sun sami nasarar shawo kan ƙalubale masu yawa na isar da fim ɗin da ya dace da wani muhimmin sako da masu sauraro daga Italiya zuwa Dubai suka amsa cikin farin ciki kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin zaɓe da lambobin yabo.

Jaɓɓorgo[taƴto | taƴto ɗaɗi wiki]

Teza has been able to achieve an amazing cross over popularity, resulting in its being invited to screen at numerous film festivals. It first saw its popularity surge at the 65th International Venice Film Festival, where the press premiere was marred by problematic subtitles, but its public premiere attended by the producers, director and cast was met with 20 minutes of applause from a packed audience. It was the favored film for the highest award until it was upstaged by Darren Aronofsky's The Wrestler. Even so, Teza won the Special Jury and Best Screenplay awards. The film was next invited to Toronto, where it was also well received. It was entered in competition at the Carthage International Film Festival in Tunisia where it swept 5 categories, including Tanit D'Or for Best Film, Best Screenplay (Haile Gerima), Best Music (Vijay Ayer and Jorga Mesfin), Best Supporting Male Lead (Abeye Tedla) and Best Cinematography (Mario Masini). Thereafter its showing in the Dubai International Film Festival achieved best score for Jorga Mesfin and Vijay Ayer. [<span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2021)">citation needed</span>]

heɓii feere feere, gooto nder mawɓe wi'i: "Folimaji ɗi walaa feere feere feere, ɗi walaa ɓalli, ɗi walaa afriknaaɓe, ɗi walaa ɓe ɗon ɓeyda anndal je'e, ɗi ɗon je'e bee je'e je'e".

Fedde e jaaynde[taƴto | taƴto ɗaɗi wiki]

Wurooji wurooji[taƴto | taƴto ɗaɗi wiki]

Firooji[taƴto | taƴto ɗaɗi wiki]

  1. ↑ Gerima, H. (Director). (2008). Teza [Film; DVD release]. Negod Gwad Productions and Pandora Films. https://www.sankofa.com/blank-2/haile-gerima-a-collector-s-dvd-set
  2. ↑ Gerima, H. (Director). (2008). Teza [Film; DVD release]. Negod Gwad Productions and Pandora Films. https://www.sankofa.com/blank-2/haile-gerima-a-collector-s-dvd-set
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